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Gender inequality is the social phenomenon in which people are not treated equally on the basis of gender. This inequality can be caused by gender discrimination or sexism. The treatment may arise from distinctions regarding biology, psychology, or cultural norms prevalent in the society. Some of these distinctions are empirically grounded ...
Countries by Gender Inequality Index (Data from 2019, published in 2020). Red denotes more gender inequality, and green more equality. [1]The Gender Inequality Index (GII) is an index for the measurement of gender disparity that was introduced in the 2010 Human Development Report 20th anniversary edition by the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP).
Gender equality can refer to equal opportunities or formal equality based on gender or refer to equal representation or equality of outcomes for gender, also called substantive equality. [3] Gender equality is the goal, while gender neutrality and gender equity are practices and ways of thinking that help achieve the goal.
Gender inequality, the social process by which men and women are not treated as equals; Gender pension gap, the cumulative impact of the gender pay gap. Global Gender Gap Report, an index, published by the World Economic Forum, designed to measure gender equality; Sex ratio, the ratio of males to females in a population
Within the field of sociology, gender parity is generally understood to refer to a binary distinction between people based in identity and sex differences. [3] Though the word "gender" is part of the term, the meaning as it is used is closer to assigned sex than to gender identity. [4]
Gender equality includes social equality between men, women, and intersex people, whether transgender or cisgender. Internationally, women are harmed significantly more by a lack of gender equality, resulting in a higher risk of poverty. [12] Racial equality and ethnic equality include social equality between people of different races and ...
The utilization of Gender Parity Index (GPI) by economists enables comprehensive monitoring and assessment of a nation's economic progress from a gender equality perspective. [3] It is believed by many economists that gender inequality results in economic consequences such as increased unemployment, decreased output, and vast income inequality. [8]
Social inequality usually implies the lack of equality of outcome, but may alternatively be conceptualized as a lack of equality in access to opportunity. [1] Social inequality is linked to economic inequality, usually described as the basis of the unequal distribution of income or wealth.