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The reflected ultrasound is received by the probe, transformed into an electric impulse as voltage, and sent to the engine for signal processing and conversion to an image on the screen. The depth reached by the ultrasound beam is dependent on the frequency of the probe used. The higher the frequency, the lesser the depth reached. [9]
Chronic venous insufficiency (CVI) is a medical condition characterized by blood pooling in the veins, leading to increased pressure and strain on the vein walls. [1] The most common cause of CVI is superficial venous reflux, which often results in the formation of varicose veins, a treatable condition. [2]
Diagnosis can be made using ultrasound or laparoscopy testing. The condition can also be diagnosed with a venogram, CT scan, or an MRI. Ultrasound is the diagnostic tool most commonly used. [8] Some research has suggested that transvaginal duplex ultrasound is the best test for pelvic venous reflux. [11]
Venous ulcer is defined by the American Venous Forum as "a full-thickness defect of skin, most frequently in the ankle region, that fails to heal spontaneously and is sustained by chronic venous disease, based on venous duplex ultrasound testing." [1] Venous ulcers are wounds that are thought to occur due to improper functioning of venous ...
The resulting reflux can cause a rapid deterioration in an existing varicose disease and be responsible for the development of venous ulcers. In the past, when varicose vein surgery is undertaken, the surgeon carefully ligated all perforators, [ 5 ] but some believe that you can use conservative techniques to treat varicose disease use ...
In 1997, he describes the dynamic index of venous reflux (DRI), the Paranà Maneuver [26] and the diagnosis of the plantar vein thrombosis by Duplex Ultrasound. [27] In 2010, he published the book Principles of venous hemodynamics detailing hemodynamic concepts of the venous insufficiency and their diagnostic and therapeutic consequences. [28]
Unlike arterial ultrasonography, venous ultrasonography is carried out with the probe in a transversal position, (perpendicular to the vein axis), displaying cross-sections of the veins. [4] All collateral veins are better detected this way, including perforator veins , but of most importance is the detection of venous thrombosis .
Medical ultrasound includes diagnostic techniques (mainly imaging techniques) using ultrasound, as well as therapeutic applications of ultrasound. In diagnosis, it is used to create an image of internal body structures such as tendons, muscles, joints, blood vessels, and internal organs, to measure some characteristics (e.g., distances and velocities) or to generate an informative audible sound.