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A close order formation is a military tactical formation in which soldiers are close together and regularly arranged for the tactical concentration of force. It was used by heavy infantry in ancient warfare , as the basis for shield wall and phalanx tactics, to multiply their effective weight of arms by their weight of numbers.
Order Date Official (or De facto) superseding note Signed by ACTIVE: ADP 1 (incl. C1 and C2) ADP 1, The Army (with included Changes No. 1 and No. 2) 6 August 2013 [2] This publication supersedes FM 1, 14 June 2005. Raymond T. Odierno: INACTIVE: ADP 1 (incl. C1) ADP 1, The Army (with included Change No. 1) 7 November 2012 [3]
This is a list of current formations of the United States Army, which is constantly changing as the Army changes its structure over time. Due to the nature of those changes, specifically the restructuring of brigades into autonomous modular brigades, debate has arisen as to whether brigades are units or formations; for the purposes of this list, brigades are currently excluded.
Following this exercise, Steuben published his drill instructions in a manual that was published in 1779 and widely distributed throughout the Continental Army. This manual became commonly known as the army's "Blue Book". It remained the official U.S. military guide until 1814. [1]
A manual of arms was an instruction book for handling and using weapons in formation, whether in the field or on parade.Such manuals were especially important in the matchlock and flintlock eras, when loading and firing was a complex and lengthy process typically carried out in close order.
A file formation is used for close terrain, often in dense vegetation or when there is low visibility. The file formation is easiest to control, and provides fire to the ranks should an ambush from the side occur. Diamond: Similar to the Wedge and inverted wedge, the diamond formation allows for the fourth section to follow the lead element.
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A depiction of a Napoleonic-era British infantry square at the Battle of Quatre Bras, Belgium, 1815.. An infantry square, also known as a hollow square, was a historic close order formation used in combat by infantry units, usually when threatened with cavalry attack. [1]