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Since a one-sided maximal ideal A is not necessarily two-sided, the quotient R/A is not necessarily a ring, but it is a simple module over R. If R has a unique maximal right ideal, then R is known as a local ring, and the maximal right ideal is also the unique maximal left and unique maximal two-sided ideal of the ring, and is in fact the ...
R is Noetherian and a local ring whose unique maximal ideal is principal, and not a field. [1] R is integrally closed, Noetherian, and a local ring with Krull dimension one. R is a principal ideal domain with a unique non-zero prime ideal. R is a principal ideal domain with a unique irreducible element (up to multiplication by units).
Maximal ideal: A proper ideal I is called a maximal ideal if there exists no other proper ideal J with I a proper subset of J. The factor ring of a maximal ideal is a simple ring in general and is a field for commutative rings. [12] Minimal ideal: A nonzero ideal is called minimal if it contains no other nonzero ideal.
R has a unique maximal left ideal. R has a unique maximal right ideal. 1 ≠ 0 and the sum of any two non-units in R is a non-unit. 1 ≠ 0 and if x is any element of R, then x or 1 − x is a unit. If a finite sum is a unit, then it has a term that is a unit (this says in particular that the empty sum cannot be a unit, so it implies 1 ≠ 0).
The zero subgroup of corresponds to the unique maximal ideal () and the whole group to the zero ideal. The maximal ideal is the only isolated subgroup of . The set of isolated subgroups is totally ordered by inclusion. The height or rank r(Γ) of Γ is defined to be the cardinality of the set of isolated subgroups of Γ.
For a general ring with unity R, the Jacobson radical J(R) is defined as the ideal of all elements r ∈ R such that rM = 0 whenever M is a simple R-module.That is, = {=}. This is equivalent to the definition in the commutative case for a commutative ring R because the simple modules over a commutative ring are of the form R / for some maximal ideal of R, and the annihilators of R / in R are ...
In commutative algebra, the filtration on a commutative ring R by the powers of a proper ideal I determines the Krull (after Wolfgang Krull) or I-adic topology on R. The case of a maximal ideal I = m {\displaystyle I={\mathfrak {m}}} is especially important, for example the distinguished maximal ideal of a valuation ring .
Z-modules are the same as abelian groups, so a simple Z-module is an abelian group which has no non-zero proper subgroups.These are the cyclic groups of prime order.. If I is a right ideal of R, then I is simple as a right module if and only if I is a minimal non-zero right ideal: If M is a non-zero proper submodule of I, then it is also a right ideal, so I is not minimal.