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Soil deposit Description Image Alluvial soil Alluvial soil have been deposited by the Indus, the Ganges, and the Brahmaputra rivers. The entire northern plains (including parts of Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Bihar (Almost entirely), Chandigarh, Delhi (almost entirely), Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Punjab, Rajasthan, Uttarakhand, Uttar Pradesh, and West Bengal) are made of alluvial ...
Bangar/Bangad/Bhangar (Hindi: बांगर) areas are beyond the floodplains, [2] that lie more upland, and compared to Khadar it consists of older alluvial soil which is higher in sandy loam content. [4] Bangar areas are less prone to flooding but are usually more sandy and less fertile as well. [5] [6]
Soils in India can be classified into eight categories: alluvial, black, red, laterite, forest, arid and desert, saline and alkaline and peaty and organic soils. [89] [90] Alluvial soil constitute the largest soil group in India, constituting 80% of the total land surface. [90] It is derived from the deposition of silt carried by rivers and are ...
A large number of small and usually seasonal rivers flow through the Terai, most of which originate in the Sivalik Hills. The soil in the Terai is alluvial and fine to medium textured. Forest cover in the Terai and hill areas has decreased at an annual rate of 1.3% between 1978 and 1979, and 2.3% between 1990 and 1991. [2]
Due to its rich water resources and fertile alluvial soil, it is one of the world's most densely populated and intensely farmed areas. [23] [29] [30] The eastern part of the plain receives heavy rainfall during the monsoon after the summer, which commonly results in floods and inundations.
Bhabar is the gently-sloping coarse alluvial zone below the Sivalik Hills (outermost foothills of the Himalayas) where streams disappear into permeable sediments. The underground water level is deep in this region, then rises to the surface in the Terai below where coarse alluvium gives way to less permeable silt and clay.
The Krishna Basin extends over an area of 258,948 km 2 (99,980 sq mi) which is nearly 8% of the total geographical area of the country. This large basin lies in the states of Karnataka (113,271 km 2), Telangana, Andhra Pradesh (76,252 km 2) and Maharashtra (69,425 km 2). [14] It is the fifth largest basin in India. [8]
These alluvial deposits consist of clay, loam, silt etc. and are divided into the older alluvium and the newer alluvium. The older alluvium is called Bhangar and is present in the ground above the flood level of the rivers. Khaddar or newer alluvium is confined to the river channels and their flood plains. This region has some of the most ...