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Since brain circuits are vulnerable in early childhood, early stressors may impact the development of necessary brain connections. [4] Therefore, the theory of toxic stress is that stress might alter or impair brain circuit formation and essentially result in a small brain size in young children. [4]
Studies that examine the cognitive development of children stress the importance of brain development and the presence of a stimulating environment to develop cognitive skills. [ 18 ] [ 19 ] The rapid brain development in the first years of life is primarily responsible for the infants' ability to process visual information, tactile information ...
Parental experience, as well as changing hormone levels during pregnancy and postpartum, cause changes in the parental brain. [1] Displaying maternal sensitivity towards infant cues, processing those cues and being motivated to engage socially with her infant and attend to the infant's needs in any context could be described as mothering ...
Infant cognitive development is the first stage of human cognitive development, in the youngest children. The academic field of infant cognitive development studies of how psychological processes involved in thinking and knowing develop in young children. [ 1 ]
Cognitive development is primarily concerned with how infants and children acquire, develop, and use internal mental capabilities such as: problem-solving, memory, and language. Major topics in cognitive development are the study of language acquisition and the development of perceptual and motor skills.
Parents play a large role in a child's activities, socialization, and development; having multiple parents can add stability to a child's life and therefore encourage healthy development. [5] Another influential factor in children's development is the quality of their care.
Additionally, maturation of brain functioning and language and motor skills permits toddlers to manage their emotional responses and levels of arousal more effectively. [78] Extrinsic emotion regulation remains important to emotional development in toddlerhood. Toddlers can learn ways from their caregivers to control their emotions and ...
The increased levels of these hormones during breastfeeding have a beneficial effect on the mother's mental health. [1] [4] [5] [3] When exposed to physical or psychological stress, breastfeeding mothers also have a reduced cortisol response due to decreased production of stress hormones and improvements in their sleep.