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Gene duplication (or chromosomal duplication or gene amplification) is a major mechanism through which new genetic material is generated during molecular evolution. It can be defined as any duplication of a region of DNA that contains a gene .
Evolution by gene duplication is an event by which a gene or part of a gene can have two identical copies that can not be distinguished from each other. This phenomenon is understood to be an important source of novelty in evolution, providing for an expanded repertoire of molecular activities.
Copy number variation was initially thought to occupy an extremely small and negligible portion of the genome through cytogenetic observations. [12] Copy number variations were generally associated only with small tandem repeats or specific genetic disorders, [13] therefore, copy number variations were initially only examined in terms of specific loci.
The principal forces of evolution in prokaryotes and their effects on archaeal and bacterial genomes. The horizontal line shows archaeal and bacterial genome size on a logarithmic scale (in megabase pairs) and the approximate corresponding number of genes (in parentheses).The effects of the main forces of prokaryotic genome evolution are denoted by triangles that are positioned, roughly, over ...
The Việt Nam Quốc Dân Đảng (Vietnamese: [vìət naːm kwə́wk zən ɗa᷉ːŋ]; chữ Hán: 越南國民黨; lit. ' Vietnamese Nationalist Party ' or ' Vietnamese National Party '), abbreviated VNQDĐ or Việt Quốc, was a nationalist and democratic socialist political party that sought independence from French colonial rule in Vietnam during the early 20th century. [4]
Gene duplication, a process which can result in free mutation; Chromosomal duplication, which can cause Bloom and Rett syndrome; Polyploidy, a phenomenon also known as ancient genome duplication; Enteric duplication cysts, certain portions of the gastrointestinal tract; Diprosopus, a form of cojoined twins also known as craniofacial duplication
The Viet Cong [nb 1] (VC) was an epithet and umbrella term to refer to the communist-driven armed movement and united front organization in South Vietnam.It was formally organized as and led by the National Liberation Front of South Vietnam, [nb 2] and conducted military operations under the name of the Liberation Army of South Vietnam (LASV).
Gene redundancy most often results from Gene duplication. [9] Three of the more common mechanisms of gene duplication are retroposition, unequal crossing over, and non-homologous segmental duplication. Retroposition is when the mRNA transcript of a gene is reverse transcribed back into DNA and inserted into the genome at a different location.