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Gryllinae, or field crickets, are a subfamily of insects in the order Orthoptera and the family Gryllidae. They hatch in spring, and the young crickets (called nymphs) eat and grow rapidly. They shed their skin eight or more times before they become adults. Field crickets eat a broad range of food: seeds, plants, or insects (dead or alive).
At one time, many field crickets found in the eastern states of the United States were assumed to be a single species and were referred to as Gryllus assimilis.However, in 1932, the entomologist B. B. Fulton showed that four populations of field cricket in North Carolina, that were morphologically identical and which were all considered to be G. assimilis, produced four different songs.
Most crickets lay their eggs in the soil or inside the stems of plants, and to do this, female crickets have a long, needle-like or sabre-like egg-laying organ called an ovipositor. Some ground-dwelling species have dispensed with this, either depositing their eggs in an underground chamber or pushing them into the wall of a burrow. [ 1 ]
Crickets, like other Orthoptera (grasshoppers and katydids), are capable of producing high-pitched sound by stridulation. Crickets differ from other Orthoptera in four aspects: Crickets possess three-segmented tarsi and long antennae; their tympanum is located at the base of the front tibia; and the females have long, slender ovipositors. [3]
The family Gryllidae contains the subfamilies and genera which entomologists now term true crickets.Having long, whip-like antennae, they belong to the Orthopteran suborder Ensifera, which has been greatly reduced in the last 100 years (e.g. Imms [3]): taxa such as the tree crickets, spider-crickets and their allies, sword-tail crickets, wood or ground crickets and scaly crickets have been ...
Gryllus pennsylvanicus is known as the fall field cricket. G. pennsylvanicus is common in southern Ontario , is widespread across much of North America [ 3 ] [ 4 ] and can be found even into parts of northern Mexico .
Gryllus bimaculatus is a species of cricket in the subfamily Gryllinae.Most commonly known as the two-spotted cricket, [2] it has also been called the "African" or "Mediterranean field cricket", although its recorded distribution also includes much of Asia, including China and Indochina through to Borneo. [2]
Gryllacrididae are a family of non-jumping insects in the suborder Ensifera occurring worldwide, known commonly as leaf-rolling crickets or raspy crickets.The family historically has been broadly defined to include what are presently several other families, such as Stenopelmatidae ("Jerusalem crickets") and Rhaphidophoridae ("camel crickets"), [1] now considered separate.