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In natural science, subaerial (literally "under the air") has been used since 1833, [1] notably in geology and botany, to describe features and events occurring or formed on or near the Earth's land surface. [1]
A type 1 sequence boundary is defined to be a sequence boundary "characterized by subaerial exposure and concurrent subaerial erosion associated with stream rejuvenation, a basinward shift of facies, a downward shift in coastal onlap, and onlap of overlying strata". [3]
In volcanology, a subaerial eruption is any sort of volcanic eruption that occurs on the Earth's surface, or in the open air "under the air", and not underwater or underground. They generally produce pyroclastic flows , lava fountains and lava flows, which are commonly classified in different subaerial eruption types, including Plinian ...
In geology, a subaerial unconformity is a surface that displays signs of erosion by processes that commonly occur on the surface. [1] These processes generating the subaerial unconformity can include wind degradation, pedogenesis, dissolution processes such as karstification as well as fluvial processes such as fluvial erosion, bypass and river rejuvenation.
In addition to tephrochronology, tephra is used by a variety of scientific disciplines including geology, paleoecology, anthropology, and paleontology, to date fossils, identify dates within the fossils record, and learn about prehistoric cultures and ecosystems.
Sequence stratigraphy is a branch of geology, specifically a branch of stratigraphy, that attempts to discern and understand historic geology through time by subdividing and linking sedimentary deposits into unconformity bounded units on a variety of scales.
Satellite photo showing the Seven Mountains of Semisopochnoi. Semisopochnoi, the largest subaerial volcano of the western Aleutians, is 20 km wide at sea level and contains a caldera 8 km wide that formed as a result of the collapse of a low-angle, dominantly basaltic volcano following the eruption of a large volume of dacitic pumice.
No fossils have been found in the Cardenas Basalt. The Cardenas Basalt was formed by the subaerial eruption of basaltic and andesitic magma in wet coastal environments such as river deltas or tidal flats. Angular unconformities of vastly differing magnitudes separate the Cardenas Basalt from the overlying Nankoweap Formation and Tonto Group. [5 ...