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Keratoconus (KC) is a disorder of the eye that results in progressive thinning of the cornea. [3] The protrusion of the cornea may result in blurry vision, double vision, nearsightedness, irregular astigmatism, [4] and light sensitivity leading to poor quality-of-life. [3] [5] [6] Usually both eyes are affected. [3]
Keratoconus, a progressive, noninflammatory, bilateral, asymmetric disease, characterized by paraxial stromal thinning and weakening that leads to corneal surface distortion. [ 2 ] Keratoglobus , a rare noninflammatory corneal thinning disorder, characterised by generalised thinning and globular protrusion of the cornea.
(H18.6) Keratoconus — degenerative disease: the cornea thins and changes shape to be more like a cone than a parabole (H19.3) Keratoconjunctivitis sicca — dry eyes (H20.0) Iritis — inflammation of the iris (H20.0, H44.1) Uveitis — inflammatory process involving the interior of the eye; Sympathetic ophthalmia is a subset.
Dry eye syndrome is a common eye disease. [3] It affects 5–34% of people to some degree depending on the population looked at. [5] Among older people it affects up to 70%. [10] In China it affects about 17% of people. [11] The phrase "keratoconjunctivitis sicca" means "dryness of the cornea and conjunctiva" in Latin. [12]
The most common strabismus finding is large angle exotropia which can be treated by maximal bilateral eye surgery, but due to the progressive nature of the disease, strabismus may recur. [14] Those that have diplopia as a result of asymmetric ophthalmoplegia may be corrected with prisms or with surgery to create a better alignment of the eyes.
Cockayne syndrome is a rare but destructive disease usually resulting in death within the first or second decade of life. The mutation of specific genes in Cockayne syndrome is known, but the widespread effects and its relationship with DNA repair is yet to be well understood. [6]
Keratoconjunctivitis is a term used to describe inflammation of both the cornea (the clear, front part of the eye) and the conjunctiva (the thin, transparent membrane covering the white part of the eye and lining the inside of the eyelids). This condition can have various causes, and its presentation may vary depending on the underlying factors.
Posterior corneal dystrophies – Fuchs corneal dystrophy presents during the fifth or sixth decade of life. The characteristic clinical findings are excrescences on a thickened Descemet membrane (cornea guttae), generalized corneal edema and decreased visual acuity. In advanced cases, abnormalities are found in all the layers of the cornea.