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The word seneschal (/ ˈ s ɛ n ə ʃ əl /) can have several different meanings, all of which reflect certain types of supervising or administering in a historic context.Most commonly, a seneschal was a senior position filled by a court appointment within a royal, ducal, or noble household during the Middle Ages and early Modern period – historically a steward or majordomo of a medieval ...
[2] The Dictionary of Medieval Latin from British Sources (DMLBS) defines discifer as dish-bearer or sewer, [a] [4] and dapifer as an attendant at meals, a sewer or a steward. [5] Historians often translate discifer as seneschal, [6] but Gautier objects that the word seneschal is not recorded in England before the Norman Conquest. [2]
The seneschal came also to act as a business manager, coordinating between the receivers of various landholdings and the chamber, camera or treasury, and the chancellory or chapel. When the counts of Anjou began acquiring large territorial holdings outside of their traditional patrimony, their rule became more and more absentee.
Medieval art was now heavily collected, both by museums and private collectors like George Salting, the Rothschild family and John Pierpont Morgan. After the decline of the Gothic Revival, and the Celtic Revival use of Insular styles, the anti-realist and expressive elements of medieval art have still proved an inspiration for many modern artists.
“A lot of the art being made (in the Medieval era) was people drawing on things from their life and experiences… that were part of popular culture,” Swarthout said in a phone call with CNN.
All that remains today is a Gothic door with pinnacles and fleurons, and a tympanum decorated with two angels bearing a coat of arms (later hammered out). The style of this door is close to, and contemporary with, that of the bell tower of Saint-Gervais-Saint-Protais cathedral. It could therefore be the work of master builder Mathieu Reguaneau.
The seneschal administered the coronation ceremony, oversaw the Haute Cour in the king's absence, administered royal castles, and managed the royal finances and revenue. The seneschal's power was over only viscounts and not castellans, and the constable was still superior to the seneschal due in part to the kingdom's constant state of war. [3]
The Principality of Antioch mirrored the Latin Kingdom of Jerusalem in its selection of great offices: constable, marshal, seneschal, chamberlain, butler, chancellor and at certain times also bailiff. The officers of the Principality of Antioch are listed below. Dates are dates of attestation, not necessarily beginning and end dates of tenure.