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In antiquity, the ancestors of the Somali people were an important link in the Horn of Africa connecting the region's commerce with the rest of the ancient world.Somali sailors and merchants were the main suppliers of frankincense, myrrh and spices, items which were considered valuable luxuries by the Ancient Egyptians, Phoenicians, Mycenaeans and Babylonians.
Ancient urban centers and trade networks in Somalia have long attracted scholarly attention. Archaeological surveys in northern Somalia have identified over seventy ruined towns, including four urban centers that date to around 2,000 years ago: Salweyn (Mundus), Daamo (Cape of Spices), and two settlements in Xaafun (Opone). [30]
The Somalia region, from the Periplus of the Erythraean Sea (1st century AD) Proto-Somalis were the ancient people and ancestors of Somalis who lived in present-day Somalia. [1] Literature on proto-Somalis largely uses a time-frame pertaining to the 1st millennium BC and 1st millennium AD. [2]
Somalia, [a] officially the Federal Republic of Somalia, [b] is the easternmost country in continental Africa. The country is located in the Horn of Africa and is bordered by Ethiopia to the west, Djibouti [14] to the northwest, Kenya to the southwest, the Gulf of Aden to the north, and the Indian Ocean to the east.
Archaeological sites where ancient inscriptions have been found on cave paintings include Godka Xararka and Qubiyaaley in Las Anod District, and Hilayom, Karin and Dhalanle in Las Khoray District. [4] According to the Ministry of Information and National Guidance of Somalia, inscriptions can be found on various old Taalo Tiiriyaad structures ...
Opone (Ancient Greek: Ὀπώνη ἐμπόριον) was an ancient seaport and emporium located in present-day Somalia. It is primarily known for its trade with the Ancient Egyptians, Romans, Greeks, Persians, and the states of ancient India. [2] [3] The historic port has been identified with the city of Hafun through archaeological remains. [4]
Map of Zeila region circa 1744 alternatively known as Kingdom of Adal, bordering Oromo (Galla) to its immediate west and Mogadishu in the south. In the medieval Arab world the Muslim inhabited domains in the Horn of Africa were often referred to as Zeila to differentiate them from the Christian territories designated Habasha.
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