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  2. Pickling (metal) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pickling_(metal)

    Pickling is a metal surface treatment used to remove impurities, such as stains, inorganic contaminants, and rust or scale from ferrous metals, copper, precious metals and aluminum alloys. [1] A solution called pickle liquor, which usually contains acid, is used to remove the surface impurities. It is commonly used to descale or clean steel in ...

  3. Passivation (chemistry) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Passivation_(chemistry)

    Passivation involves creation of an outer layer of shield material that is applied as a microcoating, created by chemical reaction with the base material, or allowed to build by spontaneous oxidation in the air. As a technique, passivation is the use of a light coat of a protective material, such as metal oxide, to create a shield against ...

  4. Phosphate conversion coating - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phosphate_conversion_coating

    Phosphate conversion coating. Phosphate conversion coating is a chemical treatment applied to steel parts that creates a thin adhering layer of iron, zinc, or manganese phosphates to improve corrosion resistance or lubrication or as a foundation for subsequent coatings or painting. [1][2][3] It is one of the most common types of conversion ...

  5. Chromate conversion coating - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chromate_conversion_coating

    Chromate conversion coating or alodine coating is a type of conversion coating used to passivate steel, aluminium, zinc, cadmium, copper, silver, titanium, magnesium, and tin alloys. [1]: p.1265 [2] The coating serves as a corrosion inhibitor, as a primer to improve the adherence of paints and adhesives, [2] as a decorative finish, or to ...

  6. Electropolishing - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electropolishing

    Electropolishing. Electropolishing, also known as electrochemical polishing, anodic polishing, or electrolytic polishing (especially in the metallography field), is an electrochemical process that removes material from a metallic workpiece, reducing the surface roughness by levelling micro-peaks and valleys, improving the surface finish. [1 ...

  7. Intergranular corrosion - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intergranular_corrosion

    Around 12% chromium is minimally required to ensure passivation, a mechanism by which an ultra thin invisible film, known as passive film, forms on the surface of stainless steels. This passive film protects the metal from corrosive environments. The self-healing property of the passive film make the steel stainless.

  8. Surface finishing - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surface_finishing

    Surface finishing. A drill bit with surface finishing to make the cutting edges harder. Surface finishing is a broad range of industrial processes that alter the surface of a manufactured item to achieve a certain property. [1] Finishing processes may be employed to: improve appearance, adhesion or wettability, solderability, corrosion ...

  9. Chemical coloring of metals - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemical_coloring_of_metals

    anodizing – electrolytic passivation process used to increase the thickness of the natural oxide layer, producing a porous surface which can accept organic or inorganic dyes easily. In the case of titanium, niobium, and stainless steel, the colour formed is dependent on the thickness of the oxide (which is determined by the anodizing voltage).