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Translation is the process by which the genetic code contained within a messenger RNA (mRNA) molecule is decoded to produce a specific sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain. It occurs in the cytoplasm following DNA transcription and, like transcription, has three stages: initiation, elongation, and termination.
Step 1: Transcription (which we just learned about)! Here, the DNA sequence of a gene is “rewritten” in the form of RNA. In eukaryotes like you and me, the RNA is processed (and often has a few bits snipped out of it) to make the final product, called a messenger RNA or mRNA. Step 2: Translation!
DNA serves as the molecular basis of heredity through replication, expression, and translation processes. Replication creates identical DNA strands, while transcription converts DNA into messenger RNA (mRNA).
Translation begins when an initiator tRNA anticodon recognizes a codon on mRNA. The large ribosomal subunit joins the small subunit, and a second tRNA is recruited. As the mRNA moves relative to the ribosome, the polypeptide chain is formed.
Transcription and translation are the two processes that convert a sequence of nucleotides from DNA into a sequence of amino acids to build the desired protein. These two processes are essential for life.
Lesson 3: Translation. DNA replication and RNA transcription and translation. Translation (mRNA to protein) Overview of translation. tRNAs and ribosomes. Stages of translation.
Join the VB team as we review the basics of DNA and RNA and discuss the processes of replication, transcription, and translation.
Translation begins when an initiator tRNA anticodon recognizes a codon on mRNA. The large ribosomal subunit joins the small subunit, and a second tRNA is recruited. As the mRNA moves relative to the ribosome, the polypeptide chain is formed.
Genes encode proteins, and the instructions for making proteins are decoded in two steps: first, a messenger RNA (mRNA) molecule is produced through the transcription of DNA, and next, the mRNA...
This interactive activity adapted from the University of Nebraska provides an overview of protein synthesis as well as a more detailed look at two critical phases of the process: transcription and translation. DNA provides the necessary instructions for life, and protein synthesis is the process by which DNA's instructions are enacted.