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The 48-year tenure of veteran presidents after World War II was a result of that conflict's "pervasive effect […] on American society." [2] In the late 1970s and 1980s, almost 60 percent of the United States Congress had served in World War II or the Korean War, and it was expected that a Vietnam veteran would eventually accede to the presidency.
During World War II, the proportion of African American men employed in manufacturing positions rose significantly. [344] In response to Roosevelt's policies, African Americans increasingly defected from the Republican Party during the 1930s and 1940s, becoming an important Democratic voting bloc in several Northern states.
The first president, George Washington, won a unanimous vote of the Electoral College. [4] Grover Cleveland served two non-consecutive terms and is therefore counted as the 22nd and 24th president of the United States, giving rise to the discrepancy between the number of presidencies and the number of individuals who have served as president. [5]
President Franklin Delano Roosevelt and Vice President Henry A. Wallace won the election of 1940, and were at the helm of the nation as it prepared for and entered World War II. Roosevelt sought and won an unprecedented fourth term in office in 1944, but this time with Harry S. Truman as his Vice President.
First president to be born after World War I. First president to graduate from the United States Naval Academy; part of the class of 1947. [362] [363] First president to use a nickname (Jimmy) in an official capacity. [364] [cv] First president to physically exit his motorcade and walk on Pennsylvania Avenue during the inauguration parade. [365]
Presidential elections were held in the United States on November 7, 1944, during World War II.Incumbent Democratic President Franklin D. Roosevelt defeated Republican Thomas E. Dewey to win an unprecedented fourth term.
Never again: A president runs for a third term (1968). Peters, Charles. Five Days in Philadelphia: 1940, Wendell Willkie, FDR and the Political Convention That Won World War II (2006). Robinson, Edgar Eugene. They Voted for Roosevelt: The Presidential Vote 1932-1944 (1947). Election returns by County for every state. Ross, Hugh.
As World War II approached, Roosevelt brought in a new cohort of top leaders, including conservative Republicans to top Pentagon roles. Frank Knox, the 1936 Republican vice presidential nominee, became Secretary of the Navy while former Secretary of State Henry L. Stimson became Secretary of War.