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  2. Anomie - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anomie

    In sociology, anomie or anomy (/ ˈ æ n ə m i /) is a social condition defined by an uprooting or breakdown of any moral values, standards or guidance for individuals to follow. [1] [2] Anomie is believed to possibly evolve from conflict of belief systems [3] and causes breakdown of social bonds between an individual and the community (both economic and primary socialization).

  3. List of paradoxes - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_paradoxes

    Opposite Day: "It is opposite day today." Therefore, it is not opposite day, but if you say it is a normal day it would be considered a normal day, which contradicts the fact that it has previously been stated that it is an opposite day.

  4. List of forms of government - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_forms_of_government

    The term People's Republic is used to differentiate themselves from the earlier republic of their countries before the people's revolution, like the Republic of China. Semi-presidential republic A semi-presidential republic is a government system with power divided between a president as head of state and a prime minister as head of government ...

  5. Philosophy of Søren Kierkegaard - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philosophy_of_Søren...

    Alienation is a term philosophers apply to a wide variety of phenomena, including any feeling of separation from, and discontent with, society; feeling that there is a moral breakdown in society; feelings of powerlessness in the face of the solidity of social institutions; the impersonal, dehumanised nature of large-scale and bureaucratic social organisations. [8]

  6. List of fallacies - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_fallacies

    [88] (opposite of appeal to tradition) Appeal to poverty (argumentum ad Lazarum) – supporting a conclusion because the arguer is poor (or refuting because the arguer is wealthy). (Opposite of appeal to wealth.) [89] Appeal to tradition (argumentum ad antiquitatem) – a conclusion supported solely because it has long been held to be true. [90]

  7. Elite theory - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elite_theory

    In philosophy, political science and sociology, elite theory is a theory of the state that seeks to describe and explain power relations in society.In its contemporary form in the 21st century, elite theory posits that (1) power in larger societies, especially nation-states, is concentrated at the top in relatively small elites; (2) power "flows predominantly in a top-down direction from ...

  8. Pluralistic ignorance - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pluralistic_ignorance

    The false consensus effect considers that in predicting an outcome, people will assume that the masses agree with their opinion and think the same way they do on an issue, whereas the opposite is true of pluralistic ignorance, where the individual does not agree with a certain action but go along with it anyway, believing that their view is not ...

  9. Mere addition paradox - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mere_addition_paradox

    The mere addition paradox (also known as the repugnant conclusion) is a problem in ethics identified by Derek Parfit and discussed in his book Reasons and Persons (1984). The paradox identifies the mutual incompatibility of four intuitively compelling assertions about the relative value of populations.