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The Lyceum had been used for philosophical debate long before Aristotle. Philosophers such as Prodicus of Ceos, Protagoras, and numerous rhapsodes had spoken there. [3] The most famous philosophers to teach there were Isocrates, Plato (of The Academy), and the best-known Athenian teacher, Socrates. [5]
The Peripatetic school (Ancient Greek: Περίπατος lit. ' walkway ') was a philosophical school founded in 335 BC by Aristotle in the Lyceum in ancient Athens.It was an informal institution whose members conducted philosophical and scientific inquiries.
Around 335 BC, Theophrastus moved with Aristotle to Athens, where Aristotle began teaching in the Lyceum. When, after the death of Alexander, anti-Macedonian feeling forced Aristotle to leave Athens, Theophrastus remained behind as head of the Peripatetic school, [8] a position he continued to hold after Aristotle's death in 322/1.
Aristotle, in turn, founded the Lyceum, where he advanced the study of logic, ethics, and natural sciences, laying the groundwork for many disciplines that would later become central to Western education.
In the classical period, Athens was a centre for the arts, learning, and philosophy, the home of Plato's Academy and Aristotle's Lyceum, [2] [3] Athens was also the birthplace of Socrates, Plato, Pericles, Aristophanes, Sophocles, and many other prominent philosophers, writers, and politicians of the ancient world.
When Aristotle moved back to Athens in 352 BCE, Alexander helped finance Aristotle's school – the Lyceum. [35] A significant part of the Lyceum was research. The school had a systematic approach to the collection of information. Aristotle believed dialectical relationships among students performing research could impede the pursuit of truth.
Lyceum is a Latin rendering of the Ancient Greek Λύκειον (lykeion), the name of a gymnasium in Classical Athens dedicated to Apollo Lyceus. This original lyceum is remembered as the location of the peripatetic school of Aristotle.
Aristotle [A] (Attic Greek: Ἀριστοτέλης, romanized: Aristotélēs; [B] 384–322 BC) was an Ancient Greek philosopher and polymath.His writings cover a broad range of subjects spanning the natural sciences, philosophy, linguistics, economics, politics, psychology, and the arts.