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The Congo Free State, also known as the Independent State of the Congo (French: État indépendant du Congo), was a large state and absolute monarchy in Central Africa from 1885 to 1908. It was privately owned by King Leopold II , the constitutional monarch of the Kingdom of Belgium .
A Map of the route of the Emin Pasha Relief Expedition of 1887–1889, Published in 1890. In many areas the courses of rivers are dashed or omitted, reflecting the limited European knowledge of the region at the time. The Districts of the Congo Free State were the primary administrative divisions of the Congo Free State from 1885 to
The Congo Free State was annexed by Belgium as the Belgian Congo in 1908. [27] On 1 July 1910 a court of first instance was established at Niangara to serve Uele District, one of seven in the colony. [ 28 ]
A decree of 1 August 1888 divided the Congo Free State into eleven districts, of which the first five were in the lower Congo region: [1] Ubangi-Uélé District had its capital at Nouvelle Anvers. [1] In 1895 the number of the districts was increased to fifteen, including Ubangi District and Uele District. [1]
[3] [1] When the opinions of Europe and Sweden started to shift against Leopold II and his regime, many Swedes would defend their actions as seen in their diaries. In one diary the author would even go so far as to defend the actions of the deny the factuality of the rumors which had spread to Europe by missionaries and natives. [1]
Colonization of the Congo Basin refers to the European colonization of the Congo Basin of tropical Africa.It was the last part of the continent to be colonized. By the end of the 19th century, the Basin had been carved up by European colonial powers, into the Congo Free State, the French Congo and the Portuguese Congo (modern Cabinda Province of Angola).
The Free State was annexed by Belgium in 1908 as the Belgian Congo. On a 1910 map the Stanley Pool District had been renamed Moyen-Congo District, with various changes to the boundary. It was now bordered by the Bas-Congo District to the south, Kwango and Lac Léopold II districts to the east, and Équateur district to the north. [3]
An 1897 map of the Congo Free State showed the huge Stanley Falls District where the later Stanleyville and Katanga districts would be created. [1] A 1910 map of the Belgian Congo shows the Stanleyville District along the northeastern border of the colony, with Uele District to the north, Aruwimi District and Kasai District to the west and Katanga District to the south.