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In the history of discrimination in the United States, the Alaska Equal Rights Act of 1945 (also known as the Anti-Discrimination Law of 1945 [1] Alaska Statutes 44.12.065) [2] was the first state or territorial anti-discrimination law enacted in the United States in the 20th century.
Alaska did not ratify the 19th Amendment as it was a territory. [10] Racial segregation was practiced in Territorial Alaska toward Native Alaskans lasting until 1945 when the Alaska Equal Rights Act of 1945 was signed into law banning racial segregation and discrimination making it the first law of its kind in the United States. [11]
Segregation of public facilities was barred in 1884, and the earlier miscegenation and school segregation laws were overturned in 1887. In 1953, the state enacted a law requiring that race be considered in adoption decisions which was supplanted in 1996 by Ohio's implementation of the federal multiethnic placement act (MEPA), by an ...
Segregation was enforced across the U.S. for much of its history. Racial segregation follows two forms, de jure and de facto. De jure segregation mandated the separation of races by law, and was the form imposed by U.S. states in slave codes before the Civil War and by Black Codes and Jim Crow laws following the war, primarily in the Southern ...
English: Map of the United States, showing school segregation laws before the Supreme Court case of Brown v. Board of Education. Red means that segregation was required in that state. Blue states either allowed segregation in schools, but did not require it, or segregation was limited. Green states forbade segregation in schools.
Segregation for Native Americans and Alaska Natives has also been consistently the lowest of all groups and has seen a decline over the decades. The indices from 1980, 1990 and 2000 are 37.3, 36.8 and 33.3, respectively. [12]
The Alaska Native Sisterhood (ANS) was created in 1915. [30] Also in 1915, the Alaska Territorial legislature passed a law allowing Alaskan Natives the right to vote – but on the condition that they give up their cultural customs and traditions. [31] The Indian Citizenship Act, passed in 1924, gave all Native Americans United States ...
The 1870 Census in Alaska was conducted by U.S. Army personnel under the command of Major General Henry W. Halleck.This count showed 82,400 people. But because of duplication of tribes listed under different names, the inclusion of a tribe that did not exist, and exaggerated estimates, the number was not considered reliable.