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Radio-telescope images taken in 1998 confirm that Betelgeuse has a highly complex atmosphere, [158] with a temperature of 3,450 ± 850 K, similar to that recorded on the star's surface but much lower than surrounding gas in the same region.
Red supergiants develop deep convection zones reaching from the surface over halfway to the core and these cause strong enrichment of nitrogen at the surface, with some enrichment of heavier elements. [26] Some red supergiants undergo blue loops where they temporarily increase in temperature before returning to the red supergiant state. This ...
With a near-infrared J band magnitude of −2.2, only Betelgeuse (−2.9) and R Doradus (−2.6) are brighter. The lower output in visible light is due to a lower efficacy as the star has a lower surface temperature than the Sun.
Betelgeuse is one of the best-known stars in the night sky, as well as the easiest to find. New examinations of this behemoth star suggest it is both smaller — and closer — than astronomers ...
Based on Hubble Space Telescope observations, scientists said they believe Betelgeuse ejected a huge hot, dense cloud of material into space that cooled to form dust, shielding the star's light ...
Assumes an effective temperature of 3,625 K. Reported for reference: Theoretical limit of star size (Triangulum Galaxy) ≳1,500 [11] L/T eff: Estimated by measuring the fraction of red supergiants at higher luminosities in a large sample of stars. Assumes an effective temperature of 3,605 K. Reported for reference: LGGS J004428.48+415130.9 ...
The Hubble Space Telescope revealed why nearby red giant star Betelgeuse became surprisingly dim late last year, according to a new study. It was likely not a precursor to a supernova explosion.
At last quarter, the Moon is about 0.06 mag fainter than at first quarter, because that part of its surface has a lower albedo. Earth's albedo varies by a factor of 6, from 0.12 in the cloud-free case to 0.76 in the case of altostratus cloud. The absolute magnitude in the table corresponds to an albedo of 0.434.