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The Restatement (Second) of the Law of Contracts is a legal treatise from the second series of the Restatements of the Law, and seeks to inform judges and lawyers about general principles of contract common law. It is one of the best-recognized and frequently cited legal treatises [1] in all of American jurisprudence.
They are meant to reflect the consensus of the American legal community as to what the law is, and, in some cases, what it should become. As Harvard Law School describes the Restatements of the Law: The ALI's aim is to distill the "black letter law" from cases, to indicate a trend in common law, and, occasionally, to recommend what a rule of ...
In legal research, a primary authority is a term referring to statements of law that are binding upon the courts, government, and individuals. Primary authority is usually in the form of a document that establishes the law, and if no document exists, is a legal opinion of a court. The search for applicable primary authority is the most ...
The Rules, established in 1938, replaced the earlier procedures under the Federal Equity Rules and the Conformity Act (28 USC 724 (1934)) merging the procedure for cases, in law and equity. The Conformity Act required that procedures in suits at law conform to state practice, usually the Field Code or a pleading system based on common law.
The two most influential treatises are published by The Witkin Legal Institute Summary of California Law and The Rutter Group. [16] Both are divided into discrete volumes about specific areas of the law, and each of the volumes is authored by a panel of judges and lawyers with special expertise in the particular topic.
A referendum can be binding or advisory. [15] In some countries, different names are used for these two types of referendum. Referendums can be further classified by who initiates them. [16] David Altman proposes four dimensions that referendums can be classified by: [17] Mandatory (legally required) vs Optional (ad hoc) Binding vs consultative
Judicial precedent (aka: case law, or judge-made law) is based on the doctrine of stare decisive, and mostly associated with jurisdictions based on the English common law, but the concept has been adopted in part by Civil Law systems. Precedent is the accumulated principles of law derived from centuries of decisions.
1 Specific to common law jurisdictions; 2 Specific to civil and mixed law jurisdictions; 3 Historically restricted in common law jurisdictions but generally accepted elsewhere; availability varies between contemporary common law jurisdictions; 4 Specific to the German Bürgerliches Gesetzbuch and other civil codes based on the pandectist tradition