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  2. Spasm of accommodation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spasm_of_accommodation

    A spasm of accommodation (also known as a ciliary spasm, an accommodation, or accommodative spasm) is a condition in which the ciliary muscle of the eye remains in a constant state of contraction. Normal accommodation allows the eye to "accommodate" for near-vision. However, in a state of perpetual contraction, the ciliary muscle cannot relax ...

  3. Ciliary muscle - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ciliary_muscle

    The ciliary muscle is an intrinsic muscle of the eye formed as a ring of smooth muscle [3] [4] in the eye's middle layer, the uvea (vascular layer). It controls accommodation for viewing objects at varying distances and regulates the flow of aqueous humor into Schlemm's canal .

  4. Cholinergic blocking drug - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cholinergic_blocking_drug

    Relaxation of ciliary muscle causes paralysis of accommodation (cycloplegia) and impaired near vision; Raised intraocular pressure; Gastrointestinal tract: Inhibition of motility; Other smooth muscle Relaxation of bronchial smooth muscle; Biliary and urinary tract smooth muscle only slightly affected, might precipitate urinary retention

  5. Accommodation (vertebrate eye) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Accommodation_(vertebrate_eye)

    Ciliary muscle contraction initiates a pressure gradient between the vitreous and aqueous compartments that support the anterior lens shape. It is in this lens shape that the mechanically reproducible state of a steep radius of curvature in the center of the lens with slight flattening of the peripheral anterior lens, i.e. the shape, in cross ...

  6. Cyclospasm - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyclospasm

    Cyclospasm is the contraction or spasm of the ciliary muscle in the eye, [1] in the accommodation of focus for near vision. It can cause pseudomyopia. [2] [3]Cyclospasm may also exert tensions on the trabecular meshwork, opening the pores and facilitating outflow of the aqueous humour into the canal of Schlemm.

  7. List of neuromuscular disorders - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_neuromuscular...

    Distal muscular dystrophy, also called distal myopathy, is essentially any muscle disease that preferentially affects the hands and/or feet, a much less common pattern than proximal muscle weakness. Late adult-onset type 1; Late adult-onset type 2a; Late adult-onset type 2b; Early adult-onset type 1; Early adult-onset type 2; Early adult-onset ...

  8. Intraocular muscles - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intraocular_muscles

    The ciliary muscle controls accommodation by altering the shape of the lens to be able to see an object from near to far. [2] The pupillary sphincter muscle and pupillary dilator muscle control the iris to adjust the size of the pupil to adjust how much light enters into the eye.

  9. Accommodation reflex - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Accommodation_reflex

    Changes in contraction of the ciliary muscles alter the focal distance of the eye, causing nearer or farther images to come into focus on the retina; this process is known as accommodation. [1] The reflex, controlled by the parasympathetic nervous system , involves three responses: pupil constriction, lens accommodation, and convergence.