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Off-pump coronary artery bypass was developed partly to avoid the complications of cardiopulmonary bypass during cardiac surgery. It had been believed that cardiopulmonary bypass causes a post-operative cognitive decline known as a postperfusion syndrome (informally called "pumphead"), but research has shown no long-term difference between on ...
This result supports that RAP is failing to provide benefits to the blood protection during cardiac surgery. [3] However, in a subsequent 2006 study by the same authors, it was found that RAP patients had improved post-operative outcomes and significantly fewer post-operative cardiac arrests.
The development of cardiac surgery and cardiopulmonary bypass techniques has reduced the mortality rates of these surgeries to relatively low ranks. For instance, repairs of congenital heart defects are currently estimated to have 4–6% mortality rates. [19] [20] A major concern with cardiac surgery is the incidence of neurological damage.
A series of drugs are commonly used in early post-operative care. Dobutamine , a beta agent, can increase the cardiac output and is administered some hours after the operation. Beta blockers are used to prevent atrial fibrillation and other supraventricular arrhythmias.
Cardiac surgery, or cardiovascular surgery, is surgery on the heart or great vessels performed by cardiac surgeons.It is often used to treat complications of ischemic heart disease (for example, with coronary artery bypass grafting); to correct congenital heart disease; or to treat valvular heart disease from various causes, including endocarditis, rheumatic heart disease, [1] and ...
After surgery, patients are administered an anaesthetic pain pump and drains that will be removed prior to discharge. Patients are encouraged to move around as much as possible after their operation to recover quickly. Once discharged from hospital, patients require no further post-operative assistance. [12]
Median sternotomy is a type of surgical procedure in which a vertical inline incision is made along the sternum, after which the sternum itself is divided using a sternal saw. [1] This procedure provides access to the heart and lungs for surgical procedures such as heart transplant , lung transplant , corrective surgery for congenital heart ...
Diagram of the human heart. Several adaptations of the Ross procedure have evolved, but the principle is essentially the same; to replace a diseased aortic valve with the person's own pulmonary valve (autograft), and replace the person's own pulmonary valve with a pulmonary valve from a cadaver (homograft) or a stentless xenograft.