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  2. Insular biogeography - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Insular_biogeography

    Insular biogeography [1] or island biogeography is a field within biogeography that examines the factors that affect the species richness and diversification of isolated natural communities. The theory was originally developed to explain the pattern of the species–area relationship occurring in oceanic islands.

  3. Island gigantism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Island_gigantism

    Island gigantism, or insular gigantism, is a biological phenomenon in which the size of an animal species isolated on an island increases dramatically in comparison to its mainland relatives.

  4. Island syndrome - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Island_syndrome

    Additionally, the low biodiversity of insular ecosystems makes species recognition less important so species-specific coloration is under less selection. [5] As a result, insular bird species often exhibit duller, sexually monomorphic plumage. [5] Several insular species acquire increased melanin colouration.

  5. Island ecology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Island_Ecology

    Island ecology is the study of island organisms and their interactions with each other and the environment. Islands account for nearly 1/6 of earth’s total land area, [1] yet the ecology of island ecosystems is vastly different from that of mainland communities.

  6. Foster's rule - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foster's_rule

    Garganornis ballmanni, a very large fossil goose from the Gargano and Scontrone islands of the Late Miocene. Foster's rule, also known as the island rule or the island effect, is an ecogeographical rule in evolutionary biology stating that members of a species get smaller or bigger depending on the resources available in the environment.

  7. The Theory of Island Biogeography - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Theory_of_Island...

    In Chapter 5, MacArthur and Wilson examine why species can be excluded from insular environments and how the niche of a species changes after introduction. The authors surmise that pioneering species can be excluded for the following reasons: the island has saturated levels of pre-existing competition, the pioneering species cannot maintain a ...