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Copper (II) chloride is used as a catalyst in a variety of processes that produce chlorine by oxychlorination. The Deacon process takes place at about 400 to 450 °C in the presence of a copper chloride: [8] 4 HCl + O2 → 2 Cl2 + 2 H2O. Copper (II) chloride catalyzes the chlorination in the production of vinyl chloride and dichloromethane.
Oxychlorination. In chemistry, oxychlorination is a process for generating the equivalent of chlorine gas (Cl 2) from hydrogen chloride and oxygen. [1] This process is attractive industrially because hydrogen chloride is less expensive than chlorine. [2]
IR absorption spectrum of copper (I) chloride. Copper (I) chloride, commonly called cuprous chloride, is the lower chloride of copper, with the formula CuCl. The substance is a white solid sparingly soluble in water, but very soluble in concentrated hydrochloric acid. Impure samples appear green due to the presence of copper (II) chloride (CuCl 2).
In oxychlorination, the combination of hydrogen chloride and oxygen serves as the equivalent of chlorine, as illustrated by this route to 1,2-dichloroethane: 4 HCl + 2 CH 2 =CH 2 + O 2 → 2 Cl−CH 2 −CH 2 −Cl + 2 H 2 O Structure of a bromonium ion. The addition of halogens to alkenes proceeds via intermediate halonium ions. In special ...
In oxychlorination, hydrogen chloride instead of the more expensive chlorine is used for the same purpose: CH 2 =CH 2 + 2 HCl + 1 ⁄ 2 O 2 → ClCH 2 CH 2 Cl + H 2 O. Secondary and tertiary alcohols react with hydrogen chloride to give the corresponding chlorides. In the laboratory, the related reaction involving zinc chloride in concentrated ...
Copper–chlorine cycle. The copper – chlorine cycle (Cu–Cl cycle) is a four-step thermochemical cycle for the production of hydrogen. The Cu–Cl cycle is a hybrid process that employs both thermochemical and electrolysis steps. It has a maximum temperature requirement of about 530 degrees Celsius. [1]
Production is primarily achieved through the iron(III) chloride-catalysed reaction of ethylene and chlorine: H 2 C=CH 2 (g) + Cl 2 (g) → ClC 2 H 4 Cl (l) (ΔH ⊖ r = −218 kJ/mol) 1,2-dichloroethane is also generated by the copper(II) chloride-catalysed oxychlorination of ethylene: H 2 C=CH 2 + 2 HCl + 1 / 2 O 2 → ClC 2 H 4 Cl + H 2 O
Copper alloy surfaces have intrinsic properties to destroy a wide range of microorganisms.In the interest of protecting public health, especially in healthcare environments with their susceptible patient populations, an abundance of peer-reviewed antimicrobial efficacy studies have been conducted in the past ten years regarding copper's efficacy to destroy E. coli O157:H7, methicillin ...