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Projected global surface temperature changes relative to 1850–1900, based on CMIP6 multi-model mean changes. The IPCC Sixth Assessment Report defines global mean surface temperature (GMST) as the "estimated global average of near-surface air temperatures over land and sea ice, and sea surface temperature (SST) over ice-free ocean regions, with changes normally expressed as departures from a ...
According to IPCC Sixth Assessment Report, in the last 170 years, humans have caused the global temperature to increase to the highest level in the last 2,000 years. The current multi-century period is the warmest in the past 100,000 years. [3] The temperature in the years 2011-2020 was 1.09 °C higher than in 1859–1890.
Temperatures often top 49 °C (120 °F) at Death Valley during the summer months. [2] The standard measuring conditions for temperature are in the air, 1.5 metres (4 ft 11 in) above the ground, and shielded from direct sunlight. [3] Global surface temperatures as a whole have been monitored since the 1880s when record keeping began. [4]
NOAA pegged 2024’s global average surface temperature at 1.46 degrees C above its preindustrial baseline, and NASA’s measurements put the increase at 1.47 degrees C.
Satellite measurements of the surface temperature of Antarctica, taken between 1982 and 2013, found a coldest temperature of −93.2 °C (−135.8 °F) on 10 August 2010, at Although this is not comparable to an air temperature, it is believed that the air temperature at this location would have been lower than the official record lowest air ...
The year 2024 was the Earth's warmest year on record, according to multiple just-released analyses. NOAA calculated the 2024 global surface temperature was 2.32 degrees above the 1991-2020 average ...
Mann et al. 2008 "Proxy-based reconstructions of hemispheric and global surface temperature variations over the past two millennia". Mann et al. 2009 "Global Signatures and Dynamical Origins of the Little Ice Age and Medieval Climate Anomaly".
Recently analyzed satellite data reveals that the Lut Desert in Iran hit a global surface temperature record of 177.4 degrees Fahrenheit in 2018. Summers can be hot in Death Valley, California. In ...