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These include certified registered nurse anesthetists (CRNAs), anesthesiologist assistants (AAs), and dental anesthesiologists. CRNAs are the only type of non-physician anesthesia provider that have successfully lobbied for the ability to provide all types of anesthesia for any surgery or procedure independently in some states.
The use of nurse anesthetist is substantially more common than the use of nurse anesthesiologist; [66] terms anesthesia nurse and anesthetist nurse are unheard of. Use of the term nurse anesthesiologist has been criticized by those who argue that the term anesthesiologist should be limited to medical doctors. [66]
Certified Registered Nurse Anesthetists are advanced practice registered nurses specializing in the provision of anesthesia care. As of 2018, CRNAs represent more than 50% of the anesthesia workforce in the United States, with 52,000 providers, according to the American Association of Nurse Anesthetists, and administer more than 40 million anesthetics each year.
Nurse anesthetist and physician anesthesiologists have certain distinctions, however they share many similarities. Certified Registered Nurse Anesthetists are nurses who have specialized training to independently perform anesthesia. In comparison, an anesthesiologist is a trained physician who specializes in anesthesia. [19]
For example, new categories have been created for delineating "paramedical practitioners"—grouping professions such as clinical officers, clinical associates, physician assistants, Feldshers, and assistant medical officers—as well as for community health workers; dietitians and nutritionists; audiologists and speech therapists; and others. [17]
Anesthesiologist assistants administer all forms of anesthetic medications, IV fluids and blood products. [3] Anesthesiologist assistants generally work in the hospital setting but can work at any location (with the presence/direction of a physician anesthesiologist) such as pain clinics, dental offices, and outpatient surgical centers.
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Anesthetic technicians use infusion pumps to deliver medications. Drug ampoules contain small amounts of medications. An anesthetic technician is an healthcare professional who performs a patient care role predominantly with the administration and monitoring of anesthesia and has an extensive knowledge of anesthesia techniques, instruments, supplies and technology.