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Simple kidney cysts are commonly observed in normal kidneys, with an increasing incidence as individuals age (see 'Simple kidney cysts' below). They are benign, asymptomatic lesions that rarely require treatment. By contrast, complex cysts may require follow-up imaging, biopsy, or surgical excision for diagnosis and management.
Simple kidney cysts aren't the same as cysts that form with polycystic kidney disease. Simple cysts also differ from complex cysts. Complex cysts need to be watched for changes that could be cancer. Simple kidney cysts are often found during an imaging test for another condition.
This review focuses on the diagnosis and management of complex renal cysts, examining the evidence for biopsy and looks at novel diagnostic techniques. Recent findings: There are varying results in interpretation of complex cysts and this is heavily dependent on interobserver variability.
Complex kidney cysts have a chance of being or becoming cancerous. Your healthcare provider will monitor, treat or remove a complex cyst. They look different from a simple cyst. Complex kidney cysts may be solid (not filled with fluid), irregularly shaped or have a thick outer wall.
Cystic kidney disease (CKD) describes a group of conditions that cause cysts (fluid-filled sacs) to form in or around the kidneys. Kidney cysts can prevent the kidneys from filtering water and waste out of your blood. Cystic kidney disease can lead to kidney failure.
Some renal cysts may appear more complex and have a thicker wall or contain solid material instead of fluid. Your doctor will likely perform additional imaging tests to monitor complex renal cysts and distinguish benign cysts from cancer. These tests may include abdominal or pelvic ultrasound, abdominal and pelvic CT, or body MRI.
Renal cysts, in general, may be classified as “simple” or “complex.” “Simple” cysts are best defined using sonographic criteria. These include: (1) absence of internal echoes, (2) posterior enhancement, (3) round/oval shape and (4) sharp, thin posterior walls. 4 When all of the criteria are met, the cyst is benign and no follow-up ...