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A planthopper is any insect in the infraorder Fulgoromorpha, [1] in the suborder Auchenorrhyncha, [2] a group exceeding 12,500 described species worldwide. The name comes from their remarkable resemblance to leaves and other plants of their environment and that they often "hop" for quick transportation in a similar way to that of grasshoppers.
The gears keep the hind legs in synchronization, allowing the bugs to jump accurately in a straight line, at an acceleration of nearly 400 g in two milliseconds. [2] Each leg has a 400-micrometer strip of tapered teeth, pitch radius 200 micrometers, with 10 to 12 fully interlocking spur-type gear teeth, including filleted curves at the base of ...
These minute insects, colloquially known as hoppers, are plant feeders that suck plant sap from grass, shrubs, or trees. Their hind legs are modified for jumping, and are covered with hairs that facilitate the spreading of a secretion over their bodies that acts as a water repellent and carrier of pheromones . [ 1 ]
These enlarged femora allow for the springing action of these insects when disturbed. The jumping mechanism of flea beetles has been studied extensively. [4] One study looked at several species of flea beetles, including the Altica cirsicola species, and described the jumping mechanism of these beetles to be very efficient. [4]
Flatida rosea, the flower-spike bug or the flatid leaf bug, is a species of planthopper in the family Flatidae. [1] It is found in tropical dry forests in Madagascar, and the adult insects are gregarious, the groups orienting themselves in such a way that they resemble a flower spike.
Treehoppers have specialized muscles in the hind femora that unfurl to generate sufficient force to jump. [ 3 ] It had been suggested that the pronotal "helmet" could be serial homologues of insect wings, [ 4 ] but this interpretation has been refuted by several later studies, such as Mikó et al. (2012) and Yoshizawa (2012).
Psyllidae, the jumping plant lice or psyllids, are a family of small plant-feeding insects that tend to be very host-specific, ...
Adult froghoppers jump from plant to plant; some species can jump up to 70 cm (28 in) vertically: a more impressive performance relative to body weight than fleas. The froghopper can accelerate at 4,000 m/s 2 (13,000 ft/s 2 ) over 2 mm (0.079 in) as it jumps (experiencing over 400 gs of acceleration). [ 8 ]