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  2. Non-coding RNA - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-coding_RNA

    The roles of non-coding RNAs: Ribonucleoproteins are shown in red, non-coding RNAs in blue. A non-coding RNA ( ncRNA ) is a functional RNA molecule that is not translated into a protein . The DNA sequence from which a functional non-coding RNA is transcribed is often called an RNA gene .

  3. Wnt signaling pathway - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wnt_signaling_pathway

    Wnt signaling was first identified for its role in carcinogenesis, then for its function in embryonic development. The embryonic processes it controls include body axis patterning, cell fate specification, cell proliferation and cell migration. These processes are necessary for proper formation of important tissues including bone, heart and muscle.

  4. Nucleolus organizer region - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nucleolus_organizer_region

    The location of NORs and the nucleolar cycle in human cells. Nucleolus organizer regions (NORs) are chromosomal regions crucial for the formation of the nucleolus.In humans, the NORs are located on the short arms of the acrocentric chromosomes 13, 14, 15, 21 and 22, the genes RNR1, RNR2, RNR3, RNR4, and RNR5 respectively. [1]

  5. Gene regulatory network - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gene_regulatory_network

    Structure of a gene regulatory network Control process of a gene regulatory network. A gene (or genetic) regulatory network (GRN) is a collection of molecular regulators that interact with each other and with other substances in the cell to govern the gene expression levels of mRNA and proteins which, in turn, determine the function of the cell.

  6. Cell (biology) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cell_(biology)

    Cell Biology in "The Biology Project" of University of Arizona. Centre of the Cell online; The Image & Video Library of The American Society for Cell Biology Archived 2011-06-10 at the Wayback Machine, a collection of peer-reviewed still images, video clips and digital books that illustrate the structure, function and biology of the cell.

  7. Cell biology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cell_biology

    Cell biology (also cellular biology or cytology) is a branch of biology that studies the structure, function, and behavior of cells. [1] [2] All living organisms are made of cells. A cell is the basic unit of life that is responsible for the living and functioning of organisms. [3] Cell biology is the study of the structural and functional ...

  8. Long interspersed nuclear element - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Long_interspersed_nuclear...

    Long interspersed nuclear elements (LINEs) [1] (also known as long interspersed nucleotide elements [2] or long interspersed elements [3]) are a group of non-LTR (long terminal repeat) retrotransposons that are widespread in the genome of many eukaryotes.

  9. Short interspersed nuclear element - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Short_interspersed_nuclear...

    Moreover, non-coding RNAs like SINEs can bind or interact directly with the DNA duplex coding the gene and thus prevent its transcription. [15] Also, many non-coding RNAs are distributed near protein-coding genes, often in the reverse direction. This is especially true for short-interspersed nuclear elements as seen in Usmanova et al.