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The Chera branch from Kongu country based at Karur that was also called the "Keralas" seems to have dominated former Chera territories, including present-day Kerala. [ 82 ] The region was affected by the rise of the Kalabhras , [ 81 ] and then by the Chalukya and Pallava- Pandya domination, and the ascent of the Rashtrakutas and Cholas .
The list of the kingdoms during different times of the medieval and modern history are given below. [6] The four main kingdoms were - Travancore (successor to the Venad kingdom which was in fact a successor to the Cheras and the Ay dynasty) Kingdom of Cochin (Also called Perumbadappu Swaroopam) Calicut kingdom (Also called Nediyirippu Swaroopam)
The end of Second Chera dynasty in the 12th century marks the independence of the Venad. [101] The Venadu King then also was known as Venadu Mooppil Nayar. Sree Padmanabha Swamy at Thiruvananthapuram was the largest temple in Venad , which was eventually expanded into the Malayalam kingdom of Travancore in modern period.
The Cheras were another prominent dynasty during the Sangam Age in South India, alongside the Cholas and the Pandyas. The Chera kingdom, located in present-day Kerala and Kongu Nadu, had a significant impact on trade, economy, and cultural exchange during that time. The Cheras were known for their extensive trade networks and maritime activities.
The end of Second Chera dynasty in the 12th century marks the independence of the Venad. [123] The Venadu King then also was known as Venadu Mooppil Nayar. In the second half of the 12th century, two branches of the Ay Dynasty: Thrippappur and Chirava, merged into the Venad family and established the tradition of designating the ruler of Venad ...
The Chola dynasty was a Tamil thalassocratic empire of southern India, one of the longest-ruling dynasties in the world history. The earliest datable references to the Chola are in inscriptions from the 3rd century BCE left by Ashoka , of the Maurya Empire .
Kongu Chera dynasty, or Cheras or Keralas [1] of Kongu or Karur, or simply as the Chera dynasty, were a medieval royal lineage in south India, initially ruling over western Tamil Nadu and central Kerala. [2] The headquarters of the Kongu Cheras was located at Karur-Vanchi , the ancient base of the early historic Cheras, in central Tamil Nadu.
Mutharaiyar dynasty (600 and 850 CE) Mutharaiyar dynasty is one of the royal dynasty in Tamil Nadu state of India. Mutharaiyars ruled Tanjore, Trichy and Pudukottai regions from 600 CE to 850 CE.