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The chloroform molecule can be viewed as a methane molecule with three hydrogen atoms replaced with three chlorine atoms, leaving a single hydrogen atom. The name "chloroform" is a portmanteau of terchloride (tertiary chloride, a trichloride) and formyle, an obsolete name for the methylylidene radical (CH) derived from formic acid. [citation ...
A plasmid preparation is a method of DNA extraction and purification for plasmid DNA. It is an important step in many molecular biology experiments and is essential for the successful use of plasmids in research and biotechnology. [1] [2] Many methods have been developed to purify plasmid DNA from bacteria.
Bromoform was discovered in 1832 by Löwig who distilled a mixture of bromal and potassium hydroxide, as analogous to preparation of chloroform from chloral. [5]Bromoform can be prepared by the haloform reaction using acetone and sodium hypobromite, by the electrolysis of potassium bromide in ethanol, or by treating chloroform with aluminium bromide.
Many organochlorine compounds have been isolated from natural sources ranging from bacteria to humans. [3] [4] Chlorinated organic compounds are found in nearly every class of biomolecules and natural products including alkaloids, terpenes, amino acids, flavonoids, steroids, and fatty acids.
Motile bacteria (left) will grow out from the stab line while non-motile bacteria (right) are present only along the stab line. Stab cultures are similar to agar plates, but are formed by solid agar in a test tube. Bacteria is introduced via an inoculation needle or a pipette tip being stabbed
The dechlorinating bacteria use this H 2 as their electron donor, ultimately replacing chlorine atoms in the chloroethenes with hydrogen atoms via hydrogenolytic reductive dechlorination. This process can proceed in the soil provided the availability of organic electron donors and the appropriate strains of Dehalococcoides .
Carnoy's solution is a fixative composed of 60% ethanol, 30% chloroform and 10% glacial acetic acid, 1 gram of ferric chloride. [1] [2]Carnoy's solution is also the name of a different fixation composed of ethanol and glacial acetic acid (3:1).
production of anaerobic conditions for organisms that die in the presence of even little oxygen (anaerobiosis), e.g. tetanus bacteria Microscope: to observe microscopic specimens that cannot be seen by the naked eye. Microtitre plates: mostly used for ELISA: Microtome: cuts prepared specimens for analysis under microscope Nichrome wire loop