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The PRISMA flow diagram, depicting the flow of information through the different phases of a systematic review. PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) is an evidence-based minimum set of items aimed at helping scientific authors to report a wide array of systematic reviews and meta-analyses, primarily used to assess the benefits and harms of a health care ...
APA style (also known as APA format) is a writing style and format for academic documents such as scholarly journal articles and books. It is commonly used for citing sources within the field of behavioral and social sciences , including sociology, education, nursing, criminal justice, anthropology, and psychology.
Formal protocols typically require approval by one or more individuals—including for example a laboratory directory, study director, [11] and/or independent ethics committee [12]: 12 —before they are implemented for general use. Clearly defined protocols are also required by research funded by the National Institutes of Health. [14]
Virtually all medical journal articles are published online. Many are published online only, and many others are published online ahead of print . For the date of online publication, at the end of the citation NLM puts "[Epub Year Mon Day]" (for online-only publication) or "[Epub ahead of print]" for online ahead of print (with the month and ...
The academic medicine community is working hard on trying to raise compliance with good reporting standards, but there is still much to be done; [20] for example, a 2016 review of instructions for authors in 27 emergency medicine journals found insufficient mention of reporting standards, [21] and a 2018 study found that even when journals ...
In medicine an intention-to-treat (ITT) analysis of the results of a randomized controlled trial is based on the initial treatment assignment and not on the treatment eventually received. ITT analysis is intended to avoid various misleading artifacts that can arise in intervention research such as non-random attrition of participants from the ...
Medical protocol may refer to: Medical guideline, for a medical treatment Medical protocol, a set of rules followed by an emergency medical technician, nurse, physician, therapist, etc. Clinical protocol, a method in a clinical trial or medical research study
A computer-based protocol system is a paradigm providing a set of tools which allow health care providers access to current guidelines which they can apply in practice. [1] Studies have shown that protocols can aid in optimising patient care. [2] There are two types of protocol systems: passive and active.