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A typical ETC system consists of three major components: (i) an accelerator pedal module (ideally with two or more independent sensors), (ii) a throttle valve that can be opened and closed by an electric motor (sometimes referred to as an electric or electronic throttle body (ETB)), and (iii) a powertrain or engine control module (PCM or ECM). [4]
Accelerate-by-wire or throttle-by-wire, [17] more commonly known as electronic throttle control, is a system that actuates vehicle propulsion without any mechanical connections, such as cables, from the accelerator pedal to the throttle valve of the engine or other propulsion systems. In electric vehicles, this system controls the electric ...
The cylinders are lined with cast iron, and is of a closed deck design (no open space between the bores). The engine is a 60 degree V6 design. It uses multi-port fuel injection (MFI), four valves per cylinder, a one-piece cast camshaft and a cast aluminium intake manifold. The MZ family is a lightweight V6 engine of an all-aluminium design ...
As it does so, intelligent control software allows the center multi-disc clutch to behave like a geared center differential, such that "driveline binding" and "torque windup" do not occur. In the early 2000s, ControlTrac was updated and introduced in 2002 with more advanced software programming, building on the system's artificial intelligence. [8]
The 1KZ-TE also adopts the electronically controlled fuel injection, ETCS-i (Electronic throttle control System - intelligent) technology which is similar in basic construction to a modern gasoline injector, although using considerably higher injection pressures, it is an indirect injection engine which gives it a significant efficiency and ...
Launch control operates by using an electronic accelerator and a computer program in a drive-by-wire application, and through fuel or spark cut in a mechanical throttle application. The software can control acceleration based on engine specifications to make the car accelerate smoothly and as fast as possible, avoiding spinning of the drive ...
Some engine control units (ECUs) also control the throttle position by electronic throttle control (ETC) or "drive by wire" systems, and if that is done, the position sensor is used in a feedback loop to enable that control. [1] Related to the TPS are accelerator pedal sensors, which often include a wide open throttle (WOT) sensor.
Traction control system (TCS) actuates brakes or reduces throttle to restore traction if driven wheels begin to spin. Four wheel drive (AWD) with a centre differential. Distributing power to all four wheels lessens the chances of wheel spin. It also suffers less from oversteer and understeer.