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  2. Adiaphora - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adiaphora

    Similarly, the Stoics distinguish all the objects of human pursuit into three classes: good, bad, and adiaphora (indifferent). Virtue, wisdom, justice, temperance, and the like, are denominated good; their opposites were bad. Besides these there are many other objects of pursuit such as wealth, fame, etc., of

  3. Skepticism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skepticism

    Skepticism, also spelled scepticism in British English, is a questioning attitude or doubt toward knowledge claims that are seen as mere belief or dogma. [1] For example, if a person is skeptical about claims made by their government about an ongoing war then the person doubts that these claims are accurate.

  4. Philosophical skepticism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philosophical_skepticism

    Philosophical skepticism is a doubtful attitude toward commonly accepted knowledge claims. It is an important form of skepticism. Skepticism in general is a questioning attitude toward all kinds of knowledge claims.

  5. Absence of good - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Absence_of_good

    For instance, music is good for him that is melancholy, bad for him that mourns; for him that is deaf, it is neither good nor bad. Nevertheless, though this be so, the terms should still be retained. For, inasmuch as we desire to form an idea of man as a type of human nature which we may hold in view, it will be useful for us to retain the ...

  6. De finibus bonorum et malorum - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/De_Finibus_Bonorum_et_Malorum

    The highest and only good of the Stoics is virtue (moral good). In the fourth book, Cicero casts doubt on this dogma, arguing a supposed natural state (the "cradle argument"), as well as issues regarding the exclusion of other goods entailed by Stoic doctrine.

  7. Opposite - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opposite

    An antonym is one of a pair of words with opposite meanings. Each word in the pair is the antithesis of the other. A word may have more than one antonym. There are three categories of antonyms identified by the nature of the relationship between the opposed meanings.

  8. Black-and-white dualism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black-and-white_dualism

    "Black and white thinking" is the false dichotomy of assuming anything not good is evil and vice versa. Black–white binary has often been conflated with the binary of good and evil. Freemasonry has a black-and-white checkerboard as a central symbol within the lodge and all rituals occur on or around this checkerboard.

  9. Good and evil - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Good_and_evil

    The good is the right relation between all that exists, and this exists in the mind of the Divine, or some heavenly realm. The good is the harmony of a just political community, love, friendship, the ordered human soul of virtues, and the right relation to the Divine and to Nature. The characters in Plato's dialogues mention the many virtues of ...