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Psychologists study belief formation and the relationship between beliefs and actions. Three types of models of belief formation and change have been proposed: conditional inference process models, linear models and information processing models. Conditional inference process models emphasize the role of inference for belief formation. When ...
Collective consciousness, collective conscience, or collective conscious (French: conscience collective) is the set of shared beliefs, ideas, and moral attitudes which operate as a unifying force within society. [1] In general, it does not refer to the specifically moral conscience, but to a shared understanding of social norms. [2]
In the field of psychology, cognitive dissonance is described as the mental phenomenon of people existing with unwittingly and fundamentally conflicting cognition. [1] Being confronted by situations that challenge this dissonance may ultimately result in some change in their cognitions or actions to cause greater alignment between them so as to reduce this dissonance. [2]
Every action has a reason but not every action has a good reason. Only actions with good reasons are considered rational. [34] For example, John's action of going to the fridge would be considered irrational if his reason for this is bad, e.g. because his belief that there is ice cream in the fridge is merely based on wishful thinking. [35]
Belief bias, an effect where someone's evaluation of the logical strength of an argument is biased by the believability of the conclusion. [ 88 ] Illusory truth effect , the tendency to believe that a statement is true if it is easier to process , or if it has been stated multiple times , regardless of its actual veracity.
The term attitude with the psychological meaning of an internal state of preparedness for action was not used until the 19th century. [3]: 2 The American Psychological Association (APA) defines attitude as "a relatively enduring and general evaluation of an object, person, group, issue, or concept on a dimension ranging from negative to positive.
Also, two parties might disagree as to certain actions are right or wrong, both in theory and in practice, and find themselves in an ideological or physical conflict. Ethonomics , the discipline of rigorously examining and comparing value systems [ citation needed ] , enables us to understand politics and motivations more fully in order to ...
A theory of mind includes the understanding that others' beliefs, desires, intentions, emotions, and thoughts may be different from one's own. [1] Possessing a functional theory of mind is crucial for success in everyday human social interactions. People utilize a theory of mind when analyzing, judging, and inferring other people's behaviors.