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The Philippine fault system is a major inter-related system of geological faults throughout the whole of the Philippine Archipelago, [1] primarily caused by tectonic forces compressing the Philippines into what geophysicists call the Philippine Mobile Belt. [2] Some notable Philippine faults include the Guinayangan, Masbate and Leyte faults.
Strike-slip deformation within the Philippine Mobile Belt occurs as a result of oblique subduction of the Philippine Sea Plate, where the Philippine Fault System accommodates much of it. [3] The fault is seismically active and ruptures periodically in large earthquakes. Among the largest are the 1990 Luzon and 1973 Ragay Gulf earthquakes.
One of the largest historical earthquake on the fault zone was the 1990 Luzon M s 7.8 event that left nearly 2,000 people dead or missing. The same part of the fault zone is thought to have ruptured in the 1645 Luzon earthquake. [7] Further south the fault ruptured during the 1973 Ragay Gulf earthquake.
The Philippine archipelago is bounded by subduction zones which makes the region volcanically active. The most active volcano in the Philippines is the Mayon Volcano located in southeastern Luzon. [36] It is related to the subduction of Philippine Sea plate beneath the Philippine Mobile Belt. [4] Earthquakes (mag >6.0) in the Philippines (2019)
Following an earthquake swarm in a section of the trench opposite the Philippine province of Ilocos Sur in December 2024, PHIVOLCS raised concerns about the possibility of a Mw 8.4 earthquake in the area with waves measuring up to 14.7 meters in height and reaching the coast of northern Luzon within a minimum of two minutes. [22]
The Sibuyan Sea Fault is a part of the Philippine Fault System, a major inter-related system of geological faults throughout the whole of the Philippine Archipelago. This fault system is primarily caused by tectonic forces compressing the Philippines into what geophysicists call the Philippine Mobile Belt. The Sibuyan Sea Fault is located ...
The strike-slip component of the convergence is accommodated partly by the Philippine fault system and partly by the Cotabato Fault System, a network of mainly NW-SE trending sinistral (left-lateral) strike-slip faults that form the boundary between the Cotabato Arc and the Central Mindanao Volcanic Belt. [3]
The 2017 Surigao earthquake occurred on February 10, 2017, at 10:03 PM , with a surface-wave magnitude of 6.7 off the coast of Surigao del Norte in the Philippines. According to the PHIVOLCS earthquake intensity scale the earthquake was an Intensity VII ( Destructive ) earthquake at maximum.