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  2. Primitive data type - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primitive_data_type

    The Java virtual machine's set of primitive data types consists of: [12] byte, short, int, long, char (integer types with a variety of ranges) float and double, floating-point numbers with single and double precisions; boolean, a Boolean type with logical values true and false; returnAddress, a value referring to an executable memory address ...

  3. Successor function - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Successor_function

    The successor function is part of the formal language used to state the Peano axioms, which formalise the structure of the natural numbers.In this formalisation, the successor function is a primitive operation on the natural numbers, in terms of which the standard natural numbers and addition are defined. [1]

  4. Recursion (computer science) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Recursion_(computer_science)

    A natural number is either 1 or n+1, where n is a natural number. Similarly recursive definitions are often used to model the structure of expressions and statements in programming languages. Language designers often express grammars in a syntax such as Backus–Naur form ; here is such a grammar, for a simple language of arithmetic expressions ...

  5. Python (programming language) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Python_(programming_language)

    The syntax :=, called the "walrus operator", was introduced in Python 3.8. It assigns values to variables as part of a larger expression. [106] In Python, == compares by value. Python's is operator may be used to compare object identities (comparison by reference), and comparisons may be chained—for example, a <= b <= c.

  6. Comparison of programming languages (basic instructions)

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_programming...

    ^e If no initial value is given, an invalid value is automatically assigned (which will trigger a run-time exception if it used before a valid value has been assigned). While this behaviour can be suppressed it is recommended in the interest of predictability.

  7. Data type - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_type

    The standard type hierarchy of Python 3. In computer science and computer programming, a data type (or simply type) is a collection or grouping of data values, usually specified by a set of possible values, a set of allowed operations on these values, and/or a representation of these values as machine types. [1]

  8. Natural number - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natural_number

    The first ordinal number that is not a natural number is expressed as ω; this is also the ordinal number of the set of natural numbers itself. The least ordinal of cardinality ℵ 0 (that is, the initial ordinal of ℵ 0 ) is ω but many well-ordered sets with cardinal number ℵ 0 have an ordinal number greater than ω .

  9. P versus NP problem - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/P_versus_NP_problem

    Whether a value of x is composite is equivalent to of whether x is a member of COMPOSITE. It can be shown that COMPOSITE ∈ NP by verifying that it satisfies the above definition (if we identify natural numbers with their binary representations). COMPOSITE also happens to be in P, a fact demonstrated by the invention of the AKS primality test ...