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Spastic (tetanic) paralyzing agents, in particular pyrantel pamoate, may induce complete intestinal obstruction in a heavy worm load. [8] This obstruction is usually in the form of a worm impaction and happens when a very small, but heavily parasitized animal is treated and tries to pass a large number of dislodged worms at once.
[1] [5] They are the most common type of worm infection in Western Europe, Northern Europe and the United States. [5] School-aged children are the most commonly infected. [1] In the United States about 20% of children will develop pinworm at some point. [3] Infection rates among high-risk groups may be as high as 50%. [2]
ATC code P02 Anthelmintics is a therapeutic subgroup of the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical Classification System, a system of alphanumeric codes developed by the World Health Organization (WHO) for the classification of drugs and other medical products.
Pyrantel pamoate – effective against most parasitic nematodes of the GIT; Macrocyclic lactones are glutamate-gated chloride channel agonists, [8] and include: Avermectins (including ivermectin and moxidectin) - effective against most common intestinal worms, except tapeworms, for which praziquantel is commonly used in conjunction for mass ...
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Several forms of pyrvinium have been prepared with variable counter anions, such as halides, tosylate, triflate and pamoate. [2] [3] Pyrvinium was identified as a potent Wnt inhibitor, acting through activation of Casein kinase CK1α. [4] [5] Pyrvinium salts can also inhibit the growth of cancer cells. [6]
There is no standardized treatment, but there has been some success with pyrantel pamoate, levamisole, niclosamide, mebendazole, ivermectin, paracetamol, tiabendazole, and piperazine citrate. [3] It is an uncommon condition, and literature on the topic in the field is sparse.
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