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Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) is a releasing hormone responsible for the release of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) from the anterior pituitary. GnRH is a tropic peptide hormone synthesized and released from GnRH neurons within the hypothalamus. The peptide belongs to gonadotropin-releasing hormone family.
The strongest activator of GnRH neurons is a hormone called kisspeptin. [16] GnRH neurons also integrate information from the body through hormones like neuropeptide Y [17] and adiponectin. [18] These hormones provide the GnRH neurons with information about the body's status to help determine whether reproduction should be prioritized or ...
The gonadotropin-releasing hormones (GnRH) (gonadoliberin) [1] are a family of peptides that play a pivotal role in reproduction. The main function of GnRH is to act on the pituitary to stimulate the synthesis and secretion of luteinizing and follicle-stimulating hormones, but GnRH also acts on the brain, retina, sympathetic nervous system, gonads, and placenta in certain species.
HPG regulation in males, with the inhibin/activin system playing a similar role on GnRH-producing cells. The hypothalamus is located in the brain and secretes GnRH. [1] GnRH travels down the anterior portion of the pituitary via the hypophyseal portal system and binds to receptors on the secretory cells of the adenohypophysis. [2]
A gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRH agonist) is a type of medication which affects gonadotropins and sex hormones. [1] They are used for a variety of indications including in fertility medicine and to lower sex hormone levels in the treatment of hormone-sensitive cancers such as prostate cancer and breast cancer, certain gynecological disorders like heavy periods and endometriosis ...
Progonadoliberin-2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GNRH2 gene. [1] [2] [3]The protein encoded by this gene is a preproprotein that is cleaved to form a secreted 10 aa peptide hormone, QHWSHGWYPG. [4]
Signaling Pathway in Gonadotropic Cell Initiated by GnRH Binding to GnRHR. One factor that has an important effect on this electrical activity of gonadotrophs is the gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH). GnRH is a hormone released by the hypothalamus, and it is responsible for signaling gonadotrophs to release gonadotropins FSH and LH.
It is expressed on the surface of pituitary gonadotrope cells as well as lymphocytes, breast, ovary, and prostate. Following binding of gonadotropin-releasing hormone, the receptor associates with G-proteins that activate a phosphatidylinositol -calcium second messenger system.