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Chronotropic effects (from chrono-, meaning time, and tropos, "a turn") are those that change the heart rate. Chronotropic drugs may change the heart rate and rhythm by affecting the electrical conduction system of the heart and the nerves that influence it , such as by changing the rhythm produced by the sinoatrial node .
Negative inotropic agents decrease myocardial contractility and are used to decrease cardiac workload in conditions such as angina. While negative inotropism may precipitate or exacerbate heart failure in the short term, certain beta blockers (e.g. carvedilol , bisoprolol and metoprolol ) have been believed to reduce long-term morbidity and ...
As various drugs and other factors act on the resting potential and bring it closer to the threshold potential, an action potential is more easily and rapidly obtained. Likewise, when the sodium channels are in a state of greater activation, then the influx of sodium ions that allows the membrane to reach threshold potential occurs more readily.
They are a class of sympathomimetic agents, each acting upon the beta adrenoceptors. [2] In general, pure beta-adrenergic agonists have the opposite function of beta blockers : beta-adrenoreceptor agonist ligands mimic the actions of both epinephrine - and norepinephrine - signaling, in the heart and lungs, and in smooth muscle tissue ...
The primary antihypertensive mechanism of beta blockers is unclear, but may involve reduction in cardiac output (due to negative chronotropic and inotropic effects). [73] It may also be due to reduction in renin release from the kidneys, and a central nervous system effect to reduce sympathetic activity (for those beta blockers that do cross ...
Generally, drugs outlined within the ATC code C should be included in this category. Please see WP:PHARM:CAT for more information. ... Inotropic agents (5 C, 19 P) S.
Pages in category "Inotropic agents" The following 19 pages are in this category, out of 19 total. This list may not reflect recent changes. ...
Non-dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers such as verapamil block the slow inward calcium current in cardiac tissues, thereby having a negatively dromotropic, chronotropic and inotropic effect. [5] This (and other) pharmacological effect makes these drugs useful in the treatment of angina pectoris.