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The Drosophilidae are a diverse, cosmopolitan family of flies, which includes species called fruit flies, although they are more accurately referred to as vinegar or pomace flies. [1] Another distantly related family of flies, Tephritidae , are true fruit flies because they are frugivorous, and include apple maggot flies and many pests.
Drosophila (/ d r ə ˈ s ɒ f ɪ l ə, d r ɒ-, d r oʊ-/ [1] [2]) is a genus of fly, belonging to the family Drosophilidae, whose members are often called "small fruit flies" or pomace flies, vinegar flies, or wine flies, a reference to the characteristic of many species to linger around overripe or rotting fruit.
Drosophila melanogaster is a species of fly (an insect of the order Diptera) in the family Drosophilidae.The species is often referred to as the fruit fly or lesser fruit fly, or less commonly the "vinegar fly", "pomace fly", [a] [5] or "banana fly". [6]
Drosophila is a genus of flies of the family Drosophilidae. It comprises over 1600 described species, [ 1 ] [ 2 ] but is estimated to have several thousands. [ 3 ] Alfred Sturtevant divided Drosophila into a number of subgenera , including Drosophila , Sophophora , and Dorsilopha .
Drosophila prolongata commonly referred to as the panda fly, is a fly of the family Drosophilidae.This species is endemic to southeast Asia. [1] Males of this species express one of the most extreme reversed sexual size dimorphism (i.e. males are larger than females) in the Drosophilidae, [2] making this species an interesting model organism for the study of sexual selection.
Like other members of the Drosophilidae, D. suzukii is small, approximately 2 to 3.5 millimetres (5 ⁄ 64 to 9 ⁄ 64 in) in length and 5 to 6.5 millimetres (13 ⁄ 64 to 1 ⁄ 4 in) in wingspan [3] and looks like its fruit and vinegar fly relatives. Its body is yellow to brown with darker bands on the abdomen and it has red eyes.
The evolution of the large body size in this species may be due to strong selection pressures since male body size is correlated with fighting success. [5] [16] Adult males signal their willingness to mate by creating their lek, which incorporates a small segment 15–60 cm (5.9–23.6 in) long of a horizontal tree fern or bare plant stem. [7]
The antopocerus species group includes 15 species of flies, notable for their large adult body size and egg size, as well as the prominent antennae on males. [13] Antopocerus was previously considered as a distinct genus, before being sunk into the genus Drosophila based on their phylogenetic position within other Hawaiian lineages. [ 14 ]