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By the early first century BCE, the geographer Strabo identified Jews as one of the four main groups residing in the city of Cyrene. [36] While communities in Alexandria and Rome dated back to before the Maccabean Revolt, the population in the Jewish diaspora expanded after the Pompey's campaign in 62 BCE.
Detail of a menorah relief on a column, Ostia Synagogue, 1st century Jewish ritual objects depicted in 2nd century gold glass from Rome. A Jewish diaspora existed for several centuries before the fall of the Second Temple, and their dwelling in other countries for the most part was not a result of compulsory dislocation. [23]
By the first century, the Jewish community in Babylonia, to which Jews were exiled after the Babylonian conquest as well as after the Bar Kokhba rebellion in 135 CE, already held a speedily growing [3] population of an estimated one million Jews, which increased to an estimated two million [4] between the years 200 CE and 500 CE, both by ...
Senator Joseph Lieberman becomes the first Jewish-American to be nominated for a national office (Vice President of the United States) by a major political party (the Democratic Party). September 29, 2000 The al-Aqsa Intifada begins. 2001 Election of Ariel Sharon as Israel's Prime Minister. 2001 Jewish Museum of Turkey is founded by Turkish ...
Kamal Ruhayyim's Gamal trilogy (Diary of a Jewish Muslim, Days in the Diaspora, and Menorahs and Minarets) portrays the life of an Egyptian boy, son of a Jewish mother. The Book of Genesis and the Book of Exodus from the Hebrew Bible depict the Israelites, ancestors of Jews, as having resided in ancient Egypt for a lengthy period of time.
Expulsions of Jews in Europe from 1100 to 1600 Jews of Germany, 13th century. The early medieval period was a time of flourishing Jewish culture. Jewish and Christian life evolved in "diametrically opposite directions" during the final centuries of Roman Empire. Jewish life became autonomous, decentralized, community-centered.
The historian Joseph Sambari mentions an active Jewish community in Alexandria during the 17th century. After the Chmielnicki massacres , some Ukrainian Jews settled in Alexandria. In the 1660s some members of the community began to follow the Jewish mystic Shabbetai Zvi , while the majority adamantly opposed him.
Between the last two decades of the nineteenth century and the first quarter of the twentieth century, there was a mass emigration of Jewish peoples from Eastern and Southern Europe. [50] During that period, 2.8 million European Jews immigrated to the United States, with 94% of them coming from Eastern Europe. [51]