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LED development began with infrared and red devices made with gallium arsenide. Advances in materials science have enabled making devices with ever-shorter wavelengths, emitting light in a variety of colors. LEDs are usually built on an n-type substrate, with an electrode attached to the p-type layer deposited on its surface.
The first LED was created by Soviet inventor Oleg Losev [9] in 1927, but electroluminescence was already known for 20 years, and relied on a diode made of silicon carbide. ...
Lewis structure of a water molecule. Lewis structures – also called Lewis dot formulas, Lewis dot structures, electron dot structures, or Lewis electron dot structures (LEDs) – are diagrams that show the bonding between atoms of a molecule, as well as the lone pairs of electrons that may exist in the molecule.
Gallium nitride (Ga N) is a binary III/V direct bandgap semiconductor commonly used in blue light-emitting diodes since the 1990s. The compound is a very hard material that has a Wurtzite crystal structure.
Gallium arsenide (GaAs) is a III-V direct band gap semiconductor with a zinc blende crystal structure.. Gallium arsenide is used in the manufacture of devices such as microwave frequency integrated circuits, monolithic microwave integrated circuits, infrared light-emitting diodes, laser diodes, solar cells and optical windows.
An organic light-emitting diode (OLED), also known as organic electroluminescent (organic EL) diode, [1] [2] is a type of light-emitting diode (LED) in which the emissive electroluminescent layer is an organic compound film that emits light in response to an electric current.
LED lamps are often made with arrays of surface mount LED modules. A significant difference from other light sources is that the light is more directional. An LED is a "Lambertian" emitter, producing a cone of light with half-power points about 60° from the axis. A laser diode is another form of LED emitter, but produces light by a different ...
Study of the photoelectric effect led to important steps in understanding the quantum nature of light and electrons and influenced the formation of the concept of wave–particle duality. [3] Other phenomena where light affects the movement of electric charges include the photoconductive effect, the photovoltaic effect , and the ...