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In mathematics and physics, the right-hand rule is a convention and a mnemonic, utilized to define the orientation of axes in three-dimensional space and to determine the direction of the cross product of two vectors, as well as to establish the direction of the force on a current-carrying conductor in a magnetic field.
In physics, specifically in electromagnetism, the Lorentz force law is the combination of electric and magnetic force on a point charge due to electromagnetic fields. The Lorentz force , on the other hand, is a physical effect that occurs in the vicinity of electrically neutral, current-carrying conductors causing moving electrical charges to ...
The various FBI mnemonics (for electric motors) show the direction of the force on a conductor carrying a current in a magnetic field as predicted by Fleming's left hand rule for motors [1] and Faraday's law of induction. Other mnemonics exist that use a right hand rule for predicting resulting motion from a preexisting current and field.
A separate law of nature, the Lorentz force law, describes how the electric and magnetic fields act on charged particles and currents. By convention, a version of this law in the original equations by Maxwell is no longer included. The vector calculus formalism below, the work of Oliver Heaviside, [6] [7] has become standard.
In physics, the Lorentz transformations are a six-parameter family of linear ... The Lorentz force is the definition ... according to the right-hand rule).
Now, the equation on the left-hand side of the Lorentz reciprocity theorem can be rewritten by moving the σ from the external current term () to the response field terms , and also adding and subtracting a () term, to obtain the external field multiplied by the total current = :
In Figure 1 this force (on a positive charge, not an electron) is outward toward the rim according to the right-hand rule. Of course, this radial force, which is the cause of the current, creates a radial component of electron velocity, generating in turn its own Lorentz force component that opposes the circular motion of the electrons, tending ...
In physics, Hamiltonian mechanics is a reformulation of Lagrangian mechanics that emerged in 1833. Introduced by Sir William Rowan Hamilton , [ 1 ] Hamiltonian mechanics replaces (generalized) velocities q ˙ i {\displaystyle {\dot {q}}^{i}} used in Lagrangian mechanics with (generalized) momenta .