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Lontara is a descendant of the Kawi script, used in Maritime Southeast Asia around 800 CE. It is unclear whether the script is a direct descendant from Kawi, or derived from one of Kawi's other descendants.
Indonesian slang vernacular (Indonesian: bahasa gaul, Betawi: basa gaul), or Jakarta colloquial speech (Indonesian: bahasa informal, bahasa sehari-hari) is a term that subsumes various urban vernacular and non-standard styles of expression used throughout Indonesia that are not necessarily mutually intelligible.
Indonesian honorifics are honorific titles or prefixes used in Indonesia covering formal and informal social, commercial relationships. Family pronouns addressing siblings are used also in informal settings and are usually gender-neutral.
Bahasa Indonesia is sometimes improperly reduced to Bahasa, which refers to the Indonesian subject (Bahasa Indonesia) taught in schools, on the assumption that this is the name of the language. But the word bahasa (a loanword from Sanskrit Bhāṣā) only means "language."
Jawi is based on the Arabic script, consisting of all 31 original Arabic letters, six letters constructed to fit phonemes native to Malay, and one additional phoneme used in foreign loanwords, but not found in Classical Arabic, which are ca ( چ /t͡ʃ/), nga ( ڠ /ŋ/), pa ( ڤ /p/), ga ( ݢ /ɡ/), va ( ۏ /v/), and nya ...
The common spelling variations include doubled letters, silent h following consonants, use of Dutch digraphs (which stems from Van Ophuijsen spelling) [10] and other eccentric letters. [11] However, a few may also come from other parts of speech, such as Indonesian mag 'gastritis' is actually pronounced as [max] or even [mah] , deriving from ...
A single name is recognized as a full personal name, [1] and the addition of further components–such as additional given names, regional, or ethnic family/clan names or patronymics or matronymics–is a matter of parents' choice when registering the child's name. Even then, family names or patronymics are just considered part of the full ...
Malay as spoken in Malaysia (Bahasa Melayu) and Singapore, meanwhile, have more borrowings from English. [ 1 ] There are some words in Malay which are spelled exactly the same as the loan language, e.g. in English – museum (Indonesian), hospital (Malaysian), format, hotel, transit etc.