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Indonesia's first free and fair national elections since 1955 take place with almost no disruption and wide participation. Votes however are distributed across forty-eight parties with no party achieving a majority. [85] September: East Timor votes to secede from Indonesia in a referendum conducted under UN auspices. Four-fifths of voters ...
The history of Indonesia has been shaped by its geographic position, natural resources, a series of human migrations and contacts, wars and conquests, as well as by trade, economics and politics. Indonesia is an archipelagic country of 17,000 to 18,000 islands stretching along the equator in Southeast Asia and Oceania .
Banten: Founded in the early 16th century on the collapse of the Majapahit Empire by the son of the King-Priester of Cirebon, the Sultanate of Banten, in western Java. Bima: A state existing in the 17th century on Sumbawa Island. Bone (also spelled Boni): In the Bugi region of the southwestern Celebes (Sulawesi Selatan). The state was founded ...
The Kingdom of Siau was a kingdom located in the Siau Tagulandang Biaro Islands Regency, North Sulawesi, present-day Indonesia. It was established in 1510 by Lokombanua II or Lokongbanua II , who was also its first king. The kingdom lasted until the end of Ch. David's reign in 1956.
Sukarno [d] [e] (6 June 1901 – 21 June 1970) [5] was an Indonesian statesman, orator, revolutionary, and nationalist who was the first president of Indonesia, serving from 1945 to 1967. Sukarno was the leader of the Indonesian struggle for independence from the Dutch colonialists .
Early 20th-century historians who studied the inscriptions of Sumatra and the neighboring islands thought that the term "Srivijaya" referred to a king's name. In 1913, H. Kern was the first epigraphist that identified the name "Srivijaya" written in a 7th-century Kota Kapur inscription (discovered in 1892).
The sultanate was the first Muslim state in Java, and once dominated most of the northern coast of Java and southern Sumatra. [3] Although it lasted only a little more than a century, the sultanate played an important role in the establishment of Islam in Indonesia, especially on Java and neighboring areas.
The establishment of the first Muslim centres in Indonesia was probably a result of commercial circumstances. By the 13th century the collapse of Srivijayan power, drew foreign traders to harbours on the northern Sumatran shores of the Bay of Bengal , safe from the pirate lairs at the southern end of the Strait of Malacca .