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The design horizontal alignment on the curved track in North America is 1 inch for each degree of curvature. Any other readings indicate deviations. The vertical alignment (or profile in North America, but not to be confused with rail profile) is the surface uniformity in the vertical plane. The measurement of uniformity is done using a ...
The alignment is the route of the road, defined as a series of horizontal tangents and curves. The profile is the vertical aspect of the road, including crest and sag curves, and the straight grade lines connecting them. The cross section shows the position and number of vehicle and bicycle lanes and sidewalks, along with their cross slope or ...
The word horizontal is derived from the Latin horizon, which derives from the Greek ὁρῐ́ζων, meaning 'separating' or 'marking a boundary'. [2] The word vertical is derived from the late Latin verticalis, which is from the same root as vertex, meaning 'highest point' or more literally the 'turning point' such as in a whirlpool.
Curves provided in the horizontal plane are known as horizontal curves and are generally circular or parabolic. Curves provided in the vertical plane are known as vertical curve. Five types of horizontal curves on roads and railways: Simple curve; Compound curve; Transition curve; Reverse curve; Deviation curve; Two types of vertical curves on ...
At the beginning of the change to horizontal alignment in Meiji era Japan, there was a short-lived form called migi yokogaki (右横書き, literally "right horizontal writing"), in contrast to hidari yokogaki, (左横書き 'left horizontal writing'), the current standard. This resembled the right-to-left horizontal writing style of languages ...
Offset vertical misalignment is where the motor shaft is moved vertically away from the pump shaft, but both shafts are still in the same vertical plane and parallel. Similarly, angular misalignment can be divided into horizontal and vertical misalignment: Angular horizontal misalignment is where the motor shaft is under an angle with the pump ...
The term "right alignment" is frequently used when the right side of text is aligned along a visible or invisible vertical line which may or may not coincide with the right margin. For example, if a paragraph that is flush right were indented from the right, it would no longer be flush right, but it would still be right aligned.
Local tangent plane coordinates (LTP) are part of a spatial reference system based on the tangent plane defined by the local vertical direction and the Earth's axis of rotation. They are also known as local ellipsoidal system , [ 1 ] [ 2 ] local geodetic coordinate system , [ 3 ] local vertical, local horizontal coordinates ( LVLH ), or ...