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Individual shale beds typically have an organic matter content of about 1%, but the richest source rocks may contain as much as 40% organic matter. [36] The organic matter in shale is converted over time from the original proteins, polysaccharides, lipids, and other organic molecules to kerogen, which at the higher temperatures found at greater ...
The new thought is that these ocean currents were slowed by blooms of microscopic marine primary producers, which allowed for the settlement of organic-rich sediments at the seafloor, producing many of the economically productive black shale beds that are present today. To this day it remains an intensely researched subject by scholars and ...
The organic matter in oil shales forms a complex macromolecular structure which is insoluble in common organic solvents. [1] [10] It is mixed with varied amounts of mineral matter. For commercial grades of oil shale, the ratio of organic matter to mineral matter is about 0.75:5 to 1.5:5. [10]
Oil shale can be regarded as an organic-rich but immature source rock from which little or no oil has been generated and expelled. [2] Subsurface source rock mapping methodologies make it possible to identify likely zones of petroleum occurrence in sedimentary basins as well as shale gas plays.
In commercial grades of oil shale the ratio of organic matter to mineral matter lies approximately between 0.75:5 and 1.5:5. At the same time, the organic matter in oil shale has an atomic ratio of hydrogen to carbon (H/C) approximately 1.2 to 1.8 times lower than for crude oil and about 1.5 to 3 times higher than for coals.
The dark shale facies of the Marcellus were formed from flysch, a fine mud deposited in deep water; the deepening sea that deposited the Marcellus cut off the supply of carbonates that form limestone and the fine-grained flysch sediments buried the Onondaga limestone beds. [116] [117] Organic matter, probably dominated by plankton, also settled ...
The Phosphoria includes phosphorite beds that are an important source of phosphorus. [5] Many of its shales are rich in organic matter and are petroleum source rocks, [6] and some of its dolomites include petroleum reservoirs. [7]
It is usually interpreted as dark fibrous shale made from finely fragmented silt and clay sand blown onto ancient sea beds. [8] Shale is dark [9] - high in organic matter - and will weather into little flat flakes, as it has small particles and layers. [10] The Chattanooga Shale is a member of the Devonian Shale-Middle and Upper Paleozoic Total ...