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Topical gels are commonly used in cosmetics, which include shampoos, dentifrices, skin and hair care formulations and fragrance products, [1] [2] and can be used to treat scalp inflammation. [ 2 ] Topical gels can be used to deliver anti-inflammatory steroids to the scalp in treatment of scalp inflammations.
Meta-analysis of clinical trials has shown this combined therapy to be more effective than either of its ingredients by themselves. [6]The use of adapalene/benzoyl peroxide in combination with oral antibiotics (lymecycline) has been studied; [7] the combination was well tolerated and showed an improved success rate compared to those receiving only antibiotics (47.6% vs. 33.7%, P = 0.002).
The side and adverse effects of cyclopentolate are similar to the side and adverse effects of other anticholinergic medications. Because of that, extra caution should be taken when prescribing cyclopentolate to patients who are already taking other anticholinergic drugs.
Additional possible side effects include eye irritation, such as periorbital edema (3% of patients in studies), headaches (2%) and nasopharyngitis (running nose, 2%). [ 7 ] Allergic reactions, shingles , changes in pigmentation at application site, chemical conjunctivitis, and corneal burns may also occur.
Adapalene Gel, sold in trade name Differin in China. Adapalene, sold under the brand name Differin among others, is a third-generation topical retinoid primarily used in the treatment of mild-moderate acne, and is also used off-label to treat keratosis pilaris as well as other skin conditions. [6]
The adverse effects of mechlorethamine depend on the formulation. [15] When used in chemical warfare, it can cause immunosuppression and damage to mucous membranes of the eyes, skin, and respiratory tract. Mucous membranes and damp or damaged skin are more affected by exposure to HN-2.
Octenidine dihydrochloride is active against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. [5]In vitro suspension tests with 5 minute exposure time have shown that octenidine requires lower effective concentrations than chlorhexidine to kill common bacteria like Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis and the yeast Candida albicans.
Side effects associated with etifoxine use include slight drowsiness, headache, skin eruptions, and allergic reactions. [2] [8] [9] In rare cases, etifoxine has been linked to severe skin and liver toxicity, as well as menstrual bleeding between periods. [8] [1] Unlike benzodiazepines, etifoxine does not cause sedation or lack of coordination.